1. Pacheco, J., Yousefi, M., Yang, H., Li, S., Chelico, L., & Chen, X. S. (2025). Both Domains of APOBEC3F Recognize AA RNA Motifs to Support HIV-1 Virion Encapsidation and Antiviral Function. Journal of Molecular Biology, 169536.
  2. Chandramouly, G., Fried, W., Gordon, J., Ralph, D., Keuk, C., Kumari, S., … & Pomerantz, R. T. (2025). RTX-303, an orally bioavailable POLΘ polymerase inhibitor that potentiates PARP inhibitors in BRCA mutant tumors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry68(21), 22196.
  3. Ito F, Alvarez A, Liu S, Zhou H, Chen XS. Structural basis of HIV-1 Vif mediated E3 ligase targeting of host APOBEC3H.  Nature Comm. 14(1):5241. PMCID: PMC10462622. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40955-x.
  4. Fixman, B., Manjunath, L., Sell, P., Wang, S., Margaryan, T., Qiu, C., … & Chen, X. S. (2025). APOBEC3B Promotes SARS-CoV-2 Through Activation of PKR/eIF2⍺ and AMPD2 Dysregulation. Viruses17(9), 1176.
  5. Ito, F., Li, Z., Minakhin, L., Khant, H. A., Pomerantz, R. T., & Chen, X. S. (2025). Structural basis for Polθ-helicase DNA binding and microhomology-mediated end-joining. Nature Communications16(1), 3725.
  6. Wang, S., Fixman, B., & Chen, X. S. (2025). Low-error RNA sequencing techniques for detecting RNA editing by APOBECs: Circular RNAseq assay and safe-sequencing system (SSS). In Methods in Enzymology (Vol. 713, pp. 15-30). Academic Press.
  7. Wang, S., Fixman, B., & Chen, X. S. (2025). Fluorescent shift assay for APOBEC-mediated RNA editing. In Methods in Enzymology (Vol. 713, pp. 1-14). Academic Press.
  8. Fixman, B., Diaz-Gay, M., Qiu, C., Margaryan, T., Lee, B., & Chen, X. S. (2024). Validation of the APOBEC3A-mediated RNA single base substitution signature and proposal of novel APOBEC1, APOBEC3B, and APOBEC3G RNA signatures. Journal of molecular biology436(24), 168854.
  9. Yang, H., Pacheco, J., Kim, K., Bokani, A., Ito, F., Ebrahimi, D., & Chen, X. S. (2024). Molecular mechanism for regulating APOBEC3G DNA editing function by the non-catalytic domain. Nature Communications15(1), 8773.
  10. Ito, F., Li, Z., Minakhin, L., Chandramouly, G., Tyagi, M., Betsch, R., … & Pomerantz, R. T. (2024). Structural basis for a Polθ helicase small-molecule inhibitor revealed by cryo-EM. Nature communications15(1), 7003.
  11. Ito, F., Yang, H., Zhou, Z. H., & Chen, X. S. (2024). Structural basis for polyuridine tract recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15. Protein & Cell15(7), 547-552.
  12. Fried, W., Tyagi, M., Minakhin, L., Chandramouly, G., Tredinnick, T., Ramanjulu, M., … & Pomerantz, R. T. (2024). Discovery of a small-molecule inhibitor that traps Polθ on DNA and synergizes with PARP inhibitors. Nature communications15(1), 2862.
  13. Yang, H., Pacheco, J., Kim, K., Bokani, A., Ito, F., Ebrahimi, D., & Chen, X. S. (2024). Molecular mechanism for regulating APOBEC3G DNA editing function by the non-catalytic domain. Nature Communications15(1), 8773.
  14. Wang, S., Kim, K., Gelvez, N., Chung, C., Gout, J. F., Fixman, B., … & Chen, X. S. (2023). Identification of RBM46 as a novel APOBEC1 cofactor for C-to-U RNA-editing activity. Journal of molecular biology435(24), 168333.
  15. Ito, F., Alvarez-Cabrera, A. L., Kim, K., Zhou, Z. H., & Chen, X. S. (2023). Structural basis of HIV-1 Vif-mediated E3 ligase targeting of host APOBEC3H. Nature communications14(1), 5241.
  16. Kim, K., Shi, A. B., Kelley, K., & Chen, X. S. (2023). Unraveling the enzyme-substrate properties for APOBEC3A-mediated RNA editing. Journal of molecular biology435(17), 168198.
  17. Ito F, Alvarez A, Liu S, Yang H, Shiriaeva A, Zhou H, Chen XS. Structural basis for HIV-1 antagonism of host APOBEC3G via Cullin E3 ligase. Science Adv 2023, Vol 9 (1) 1-12 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ade316
  18. Kim K, Calabrese P, Wang S, Qin C, Rao Y, Feng P, Chen XS. The roles of APOBEC-mediated RNA editing in SARS-CoV-2 mutations, replication, and fitness. Scientific Reports 2022 Sep 13;12(1):14972. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19067-x. PMID: 36100631; PMCID: PMC9470679.
  19. Yang H, Kim K, Li S, Pacheco J, Chen XS. Structural basis of sequence-specific RNA recognition by the antiviral factor APOBEC3G. Nature Comm. 2022, 13, 7498. doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35201-9
  20. Chandramouly G, Zhao J, McDevitt S, Rusanov T, Hoang T, Borisonnik N, Treddinick T, Lopezcolorado FW, Kent T, Siddique LA, Mallon J, Huhn J, Shoda Z, Kashkina E, Brambati A, Stark JM, Chen XS, Pomerantz RT. Polθ reverse transcribes RNA and promotes RNA-templated DNA repair. Science Adv. 2021 Jun 11;7(24):eabf1771. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abf1771.
  21. Yang, H., Ito, F., Wolfe, A., Li, S., Love, R.P., Yan, M., Gaba, A., Chelico, L. and Chen, X.S. Structural Basis of Domain Organization, Dimerization, RNA binding, and HIV-1 Restriction of Full Length APOBEC3G. Nature Comm. 11(1):632. (2020). PMID: 32005813. PMCID: PMC6994475, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14377-y
  22. Wolfe, A., Goedderz, C. and Chen, X.S. The structure of APOBEC1 and insights into RNA and DNA substrate selectivity. NAR Cancer, 2020 Dec;2(4):zcaa027. doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa027.
  23. Schlierf M, Wang G, Chen XS, Ha T. Hexameric helicase G40P unwinds DNA in single base pair steps. Elife. 2019 Jan 28;8. pii: e42001. doi: 10.7554/eLife.42001. PubMed PMID: 30688211; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6370340
  24. Xiao, X., Yang, H., Li., S, Chen, X. S.  Structure/Function of N-Terminal Domain of a Primate APOBEC3G: Interplay of DNA Binding, Oligomerization and HIV Targeting of APOBEC3G.  Nature Commun. 2016 Aug 2;7:12193.
  25. Fu Y, Ito F, Zhang G, Fernandez B, Yang H, Chen X. DNA cytosine and methylcytosine deamination by APOBEC3B: enhancing methylcytosine deamination by engineering APOBEC3B.  Biochem J. 2015 Oct 1;471(1):25-35.
  26. Yu, J., et al., Mechanism of Subunit Coordination of An AAA+ Hexameric Molecular Nanomachine. Nanomedicine. 2015 Apr;11(3):531-41. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.005.
  27. Chang Y, Xu M, Machado C, Yu X, Rohs R, Chen XS Origin DNA Recognition by the SV40 Large Tumor Antigen: Insights into the Mechanism of Initiator Assembly Cell Reports  2013, 3(4):1117-27
  28. Liu H, Shi Y, Chen X,  Warshel A.   Simulating the electrostatic guidance of the vectorial translocations in hexameric helicases and translocases.  PNAS. (2009) 106(18):7449-54.
  29. Shi Y, Liu H, Gai D, Ma JP, Chen X A Computational Analysis of ATP Binding of SV40 Large Tumor Antigen Helicase Motor   PloS Computational Biol, 2009, 5 (9) 1-13
  30. Holden L, Prochnow C, Chang YP, Bransteitter R, Stevens R, Goodman M, Chen X.  Structure of the Anti-Viral APOBEC3G Catalytic Domain and Functional Implications,    NATURE,  (2008), 6;456(7218):121-4.
  31. Brewster A, Wang G, Yu X, Greenleaf W, Carazo JM, Tjajadi M, Klein M, Chen X. Crystal structure of a near-full-length archaeal MCM: functional insights for an AAA+ hexameric helicase. PNAS  (2008), 105(51):20191-6.
  32. Wang G, Klein MG, Tokonzaba E, Zhang Y, Holden LG, Chen X. The structure of a DnaB-family replicative helicase and its interactions with primase.  NATURE  STUCT MOL. BIOL. (2008)  15:94-100.
  33. Prochnow C, Bransteitter R, Klein M, Goodman M, Chen X. The APOBEC-2 crystal structure and functional implications for the deaminase AID. NATURE. (2007) 25;445(7126):447-51
  34. Lilyestrom W, Klein M, Zhang R, Joachimiak A, Chen X. Crystal structure of SV40 large T-antigen bound to p53: interplay between a viral oncoprotein and a cellular tumor suppressor. GENES & DEV. (2006) 20(17):2373-82.
  35. Szakonyi G, Klein M, Hannan J, Young K, Ma R, Asokan R, Holers M, Chen X. Structure of The Epstein Barr Virus Major Envelope Glycoprotein NATURE STUCT MOL. BIOL. (2006) 13:996-1001
  36. Gai, D. Zhao, R. Li, D. Finkielstein,C.V. and Chen, X.      The Mechanisms of Conformational Change for A Replicative Hexameric Helicase of SV40 Large T Antigen.   CELL   (2004) 119:47-60
  37. Sclafani, Robert. Fletcher, C. Ryan.  and  Chen, X.        Two Heads Are Better Than One: Regulation of DNA replication by double-hexameric replicative helicases     GENES & DEV.  (2004) 18:2039-2045.
  38. Li, D. Zhao,R. Lilyestrom,W. Gai,D. Zhang,R. Fanning,E. Szakonyi,G and Chen, X.    The Structure of the Hexameri Replicative Helicase of SV40 Large Tumor antigen.     NATURE.  (2003) 423, 512-518
  39. Fletcher R. J, Bishop B. E, Leon R. P, Sclafani R. A, Ogata C. M, Chen X.      The structure and function of the MCM complex from archaeal M. Thermoautotrophicum.  NATURE   BIOL.  (2003)  10,160-167
  40. Boackle S, Holers M, Chen X,  Szakonyi G, Karp D, Wakeland E and Morel L.   Cr2, a gene in the NZM2410 Sle1c lupus susceptibility locus, encodes a dysfunctional protein.  IMMUNITY,  (2001) 15, 729-738.
  41. Szakonyi G., Guthridge J., Li D., Young J. K., Holers M., Chen X.     Structure of Complement Receptor Type 2 (CR2/CD21) in Complex with Its Cellular  Ligand C3d.    SCIENCE   (2001)  292,   1725-1728