{"id":2209,"date":"2021-06-25T20:52:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-25T20:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-usc-dornsife.pantheonsite.io\/wrigley\/?p=2209"},"modified":"2024-07-19T17:54:55","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T17:54:55","slug":"giant-sea-bass-spawning-behaviors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/wrigley\/2021\/06\/25\/giant-sea-bass-spawning-behaviors\/","title":{"rendered":"Back Searching For Giants: Giant Sea Bass & their Spawning Behaviors"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Back Searching For Giants: Giant Sea Bass & their Spawning Behaviors<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n By<\/span>Elizabeth Burns<\/strong>\n \n June 25, 2021<\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\"\"Hi, my name is Elizabeth and I\u2019m very happy to be back at Wrigley! I am a Master\u2019s Student from California State University, Northridge and this is my third year as a Summer Wrigley Fellow at Catalina Island.<\/p>\n

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I have the pleasure of researching Giant Sea Bass courtship behaviors and sound production during their spawning. If you\u2019ve never heard of Giant Sea Bass, you wouldn\u2019t be the first. The Giant Sea Bass is the apex predator of the California kelp forest. Research has shown that these fish can live over 76 years of age, grow over 800 pounds, and can reach lengths over 7 feet. (You can check out this video<\/a>\u00a0I made on size differences of adult and juvenile Giant Sea Bass.)<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, we know very little about these fish due to the severe overfishing they experienced since the early 1900\u2019s. Giant Sea Bass are still feeling the effects of this bottleneck and are listed as critically endangered on the\u00a0IUCN\u2019s red list<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Due to increasing efforts and protections over the years, Giant Sea Bass populations are slowly on the rise, making it easier to study them. This has allowed us to uncover some of the secrets these giants still hide. We know that a substantial population of Giants congregate every summer at Santa Catalina Island to spawn. But little is known about what actually happens in Giants\u2019 spawning aggregations.<\/p>\n

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From SCIF Archives, 4 Giant Sea Bass caught at Santa Catalina Island.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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My research focuses on two of the biggest mysteries of the Giant Sea Bass: their courtship behaviors, and sound production during spawning. These are behaviors that have not been properly described or documented before. I\u00a0hypothesize that they produce sounds and perform other courtship behaviors during such spawning events. Understanding these behaviors and how Giant Sea Bass reproduce are crucial to helping conserve\u00a0the species.<\/p>\n

Divers that have the pleasure of swimming with Giant Sea Bass will sometimes get to hear the sounds\u00a0they make. We think Giants make 2 different sounds to communicate with each other. There is a sort of standard \u201cBoom\u201d to alert other fishes and organisms to their presence, and a \u201csnare drum\u201d like sound for reproduction to entice the ladies. Giants start their courtship behavior at sunset and continue into the early morning. Not only do we believe that male Giants\u00a0make sounds for their ladies during courtship, but that they also dance with them.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Left: Video of a miscellaneous sound recorded by hydrophone sampling for Giant Sea Bass sounds by Elizabeth Burns. Right: Four images of Giant Sea Bass sounds identified. Top images are wave forms of Giant\u2019s booms and below are the spectrogram of the waveforms.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Observing these behaviors requires diving, specialized underwater microphones, and underwater video equipment. This summer, I plan to deploy my equipment and finally find some giants. I have yet to start this year\u2019s field season at Wrigley, but I\u2019m super excited to place my underwater microphones (hydrophones) at spawning aggregations sites. The hydrophones will record sounds in the evening continuously at spawning sites, while my ROV (remote operated vehicle submersible) named Bruce would be used to video record courtship dances with his mounted camera. Unfortunately, due to the pandemic I haven\u2019t been able to really progress with my research until now, since it involves a lot of field work and being away from Catalina has really halted my project.<\/p>\n

Last summer, I was given the chance to examine Giants\u2019 spawning aggregations sound data gathered by my lab\u2019s alumni and past Wrigley fellows from 2014 \u2013 2015.\u00a0It is a very difficult task. For one, we don\u2019t know for certain what a boom always sounds like or looks like in the data. Spotting and identifying Giant booms can also be tricky because the hydrophones don\u2019t\u00a0only pick up Giants sounds, but also other fish, shrimp, divers, boats and various ocean noises.<\/p>\n

When I examine sound data, I listen to\u00a0recorded sound clips\u00a0 and I also visually examine them using spectrograms. Spectrograms allow you to visually see signal strength, or \u201cloudness\u201d, of a sound at various frequencies represented as a waveform. These spectrograms allow me to visually quantify the decibels and frequencies of the sounds recorded. Doing this by hand is tricky and time consuming. Luckily, with help, I found a function in the statistical program R (using the package warbleR) that allows me to input parameters that detect booms and\u00a0it saves me a lot of time.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n
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I am really happy to be back here at Wrigley this year. There is no other place that I could do this fabulous research. This summer I plan to go to Avalon, where I\u2019ll record audio and video of giants at Casino point and Little Farnsworth. So if you see someone with an ROV at Casino Point in Avalon, it is probably me! Feel free to come over and say hi. I\u2019d love to chat with you and show you what I am doing. See you out on the island!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Left: Hydrophone placed at sample sight in 2014 \u2013 2015. Right: Photo of Bruce on the dock at Wrigley, taken by Elizabeth Burns.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":617,"featured_media":2210,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[13,12],"class_list":["post-2209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-fellowship","tag-graduate"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBack Searching For Giants: Giant Sea Bass & their Spawning Behaviors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/wrigley\/2021\/06\/25\/giant-sea-bass-spawning-behaviors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Back Searching For Giants: Giant Sea Bass & their Spawning Behaviors - 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