{"id":751,"date":"2025-12-03T19:40:34","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T03:40:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/?p=751"},"modified":"2025-12-03T19:41:22","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T03:41:22","slug":"a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/","title":{"rendered":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n
\n \n
\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n\n \n

A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n By<\/span>Lexi Coyle McDonald<\/strong>\n \n December 3, 2025<\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n
\n \n \n Share\n <\/span>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Copy Link<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Facebook<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n \n\n<\/svg>\n\n <\/span>\n X<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n LinkedIn<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Bluesky<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Email<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Throughout history, burn injuries have been one of the most prevalent and devastating
\ntypes of trauma faced in human societies. Although advances in burn care have produced
\nmassive improvements in patient outcomes, reducing the mortality of severe burns to less than
\nfive percent, their treatment still poses a significant challenge for medical practitioners
\nworldwide.1 Modern burn care involves a multidisciplinary approach aimed at stabilizing
\npatients, managing wounds, preventing infection, and promoting the patient\u2019s long-term physical
\nand mental recovery. Progress in these areas has accelerated over the past fifty years, largely
\ndriven by focused studies on the long-term effects of burns on firefighters. Since this group is
\nsubjected to high burn risks and also required to undergo regular medical monitoring, firefighters
\nare a valuable population transforming burn care for both first responder and civilian survivors.
\nIndeed, major breakthroughs in medicine and burn care are demonstrated in the contrast between
\nthe post-burn experiences of Sindy Lutz, an artist, former nanny, and hostess burned in 1969, and
\nLauren Manning, a famous survivor of the 9\/11 terrorist attacks in 2001. With the role of
\nfirefighter-centered research and programs as a foundation, examining the dissimilar experiences
\nof these two brave women reveals how advances in burn care have considerably enhanced the
\nphysical and psychological treatment of burn survivors.
\nThe experience of Sindy Lutz, who was burned as a child in January of 1969, exemplifies
\nthe limited medical knowledge and inadequate care that characterized burn treatment before
\nmodern developments influenced by research on firefighter injuries.2 The accident occurred
\nwhen Sindy was three years old in her childhood home on Long Beach Island, New Jersey. In the early morning, while her parents were still asleep, Sindy and her five-year-old brother had been
\nplaying with matches and candles when her pajamas caught on fire. At the time, there was no
\nhospital on the mainland in Manahawkin, so an ambulance first drove her north to Toms River
\nHospital, which turned her away due to her young age and the severity of her injuries. The
\nambulance then went east for another two hours until arriving at Saint Christopher\u2019s Hospital for
\nChildren in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Around 40 percent of Sindy\u2019s body was intensely
\nburned, including her left hand, neck, and chest, and she remained in the hospital for three
\nmonths.
\nThere were no intensive care units specializing in burns, so Sindy was treated in the
\ngeneral hospital ward. She received multiple surgical skin grafts taken from her legs, which were
\nunburned. However, since scars do not actively expand in size as an adolescent\u2019s body grows,
\nSindy had to keep receiving periodic skin grafts through her teenage years at Saint Barnabas
\nHospital in North Jersey, which was roughly two hours away. While physical therapy existed, it
\nwas insufficient and not tailored to the unique needs of burn patients. Additionally, because there
\nwere no rehabilitation centers nearby, the hospital merely gave Sindy\u2019s mom a list of exercises
\nfor Sindy to perform at home to prevent scar contraction. Furthermore, doctors completely
\noverlooked the psychological impacts of Sindy\u2019s burns and neglected to inform her of any
\noptions for group, family, or individual therapy, counseling, or psychiatric care. Eventually,
\nSindy\u2019s parents forced her to visit her high school\u2019s therapist due to major depressive and
\npost-traumatic symptoms related to the long-term effects of her burn injuries as well as
\nself-image issues stemming from the continuing surgeries. Unfortunately, the school therapist
\nhad a poor understanding of mental illness and worsened the situation by telling fifteen-year-old
\nSindy that she seemed \u201ckind of b*tchy.\u201d Sindy ended up leaving that school and was unable to find appropriate psychological care until her late twenties, which she credits to developments in
\nmental health resources as well as her purposeful attempts to seek support (albeit without
\nassistance from healthcare providers) while living in New York City. Although Sindy has been
\nable to recover exceedingly well, her story represents how, prior to the establishment of
\nspecialized burn units and advancements in medical research, the treatment of burn injuries was
\nrudimentary and focused solely on immediate survival and short-term physical recovery.
\nBy contrast, Lauren Manning\u2019s experience over thirty years later highlights the
\nsignificant progress made in burn treatment, particularly in terms of sophisticated physical care
\nand incorporation of both occupational therapy and psychological support into burn recovery. On
\nthe morning of September 11, 2001, Manning was entering the lobby of the North Tower of the
\nWorld Trade Center for work when a wall of flame exploded from the elevator shaft and burned
\nover 82.5 percent of her body.<\/p>\n

Although Manning was burned in exceptional circumstances, her
\nexperience is relevant because her journey from surviving over 6 months spent in mostly critical
\ncondition in the hospital to thriving was made possible by the intervening decades of
\nimprovements in burn medicine. Initially, Lauren\u2019s treatment did not appear to depart drastically
\nfrom Sindy\u2019s: Lauren needed specialized care but was placed in a shared room on the general
\nemergency floor at Saint Vincent\u2019s Hospital in New York.4 Lauren\u2019s first doctors were also
\nill-equipped to deal with her grave state even as they underestimated the extent of her injuries,
\nconcluding that she mainly suffered second-degree burns covering around 60 percent of her body
\n(an inaccurate assessment).5<\/p>\n

However, Lauren\u2019s situation shifted once her nurses contacted the New
\nYork-Presbyterian\/Weill Cornell Medical Center burn unit, asking for help. Recognizing the
\nseverity of Manning\u2019s condition, the Weill Cornell Hospital transferred her within the day to their
\nWilliam Randolph Hearst Burn Center, which is regarded as one of the best in the world.6 Lauren
\nwas assisted by a team led by Dr. Roger Yurt, the medical director of the Burn Center, who gave
\nher eleven surgeries that included using cadaver skin and skin grafts as she lay in an induced
\ncoma for two months.7 Dr. Yurt also consulted with Dr. Weiland of the Hospital for Special
\nSurgery, one of the nation\u2019s top hand surgeons, for some of Manning\u2019s procedures like partial
\nfinger amputations and joint fusions.8 Both during and after the coma, Manning had a fleet of
\nnurses who ensured that she received pulmonary support through ventilators, intravenous fluids
\ndelivering over 6,000 calories per day and several medications (namely painkillers, antibiotics,
\nand sedatives), visits to the \u201ctank\u201d (the room where patients are given a water bath to remove
\nburned tissue), and at least one daily occupational and physical therapy session to restore her
\nrange of motion.9
\nOnce Manning was stabilized, she participated in hospital-led group psychotherapy
\nsessions with other burn survivors as her occupational and physical therapy program intensified
\nto the point of being a \u201cfull-time job\u201d when she moved to the Burke Rehabilitation Hospital.10
\nThe doctors also gave Lauren\u2019s family and caregivers guidelines on how to best support her
\nemotional and mental healing by instructing them not to volunteer information on anything
\nrelated to her accident or the events of 9\/11 until she explicitly asked for it and then to answerher questions without elaboration.11 Like Sindy, Lauren struggled with her altered appearance,
\ngrappling with feelings of \u201cugliness and imperfection\u201d and of being a living \u201creminder of times
\npeople would rather forget.\u201d12 However, unlike Sindy\u2019s doctors, Burke Hospital was sensitive to
\nburn survivors\u2019 body image issues and focused on reintegrating patients into ordinary life
\nthrough therapist-accompanied group public outings, such as going to the movies, enjoying
\npizza, or buying makeup.13 Lauren eagerly anticipated these outings, which boosted her
\nconfidence and ameliorated her low self-image while helping her re-assimilate into the world
\noutside the hospital. Even though it is undisputed that Lauren\u2019s recovery would have been nearly
\nimpossible in 1969 without modern burn centers and state-of-the-art physical treatment, the
\ncontributions from her multidisciplinary teams, especially the psychological and occupational
\nsupport, cannot be overstated. In this way, Lauren\u2019s story indicates how burn care has evolved
\nnot only in terms of scientific knowledge and physical treatment, but also how it has grown to
\nholistically encompass all aspects of recovery, addressing the long-term healing of both mind and
\nbody.
\nThe current burn protocols that have saved the lives of countless individuals like
\nManning are direct results of research conducted on firefighters. A prime example is a ten-year
\nlongitudinal study on firefighter burn injuries performed by the same hospital that treated Lauren
\nManning, the William Randolph Hearst Burn Center. This Burn Center is New York\u2019s first, and it
\nembodies the longstanding connections between pioneering burn treatments and firefighters in
\nnumerous ways, most notably including its founding in 1976 in collaboration with the New York
\nFirefighters Burn Center Foundation.14 Together, these New York-based Burn Center
\norganizations provide \u201cprograms in wound healing, research, prevention, education, and
\nreintegration of burn survivors into their community.\u201d15 From July 1992 to June 2002, the
\nduration of the study, the burn unit at Weill Cornell cared for 987 firefighters (as well as
\nmembers of the general public like Manning) using a diverse team of burn specialists, plastic and
\nreconstructive surgeons, psychologists, critical care medicine specialists, nurses, physical
\ntherapists, occupational therapists, and other specialty staff.16 This study drew from data
\ncollected by the National Trauma Registry of the American College of Surgeons and the Medical
\nRecords Department on every Weill Cornell firefighter patient who suffered burn-related injuries
\nduring this period.17 Researchers reviewed their charts to \u201cidentify the etiology and risk factors
\nfor firefighters who acquire burn injuries, describe patterns of injury, and evaluate safety
\ninterventions\u201d for burn prevention and management.18 Thus, by analyzing nearly a thousand
\nrecords that detailed the different treatments, recovery times, complications, and long-term
\noutcomes of burn injuries over ten years, the study helped to improve clinical practices related to
\nburn care, which informed the protocols that Weill Cornell used to treat Manning.
\nOther crucial impacts of this decade-long study are related to burn injury prevention. For
\ninstance, as a result of this study, existing burn prevention programs that had been initiated in
\n1983 by the Fire Department of the City of New York, firefighter educators, and the Firefighter
\nBurn Centers were modified to address the risk of burns for both the general public and
\nfirefighters.19 Due to a noticeable rise in the number of firefighters receiving burn injuries in
\n1998, where such wounds accounted for approximately 25% of all injuries, the study prompted a reassessment of training protocols, equipment, and safety standards.20 These efforts have been
\nquite successful, as the National Fire Protection Association attributed burns to a mere 7-9% of
\nall fireground injuries in 2022.21 While these program modifications primarily aimed to reduce
\nfirefighter injuries, many new training techniques and safety tactics developed to protect
\nfirefighters were later adapted or incorporated into public safety measures. For example, through
\nthe Life Safety Code, which is revised every three to five years, the National Fire Protection
\nAssociation updated building codes and construction standards to set stricter minimum
\nrequirements on fire alarms, means of egress, sprinkler systems, smoke detectors, and
\nfire-resistant building materials, changes that have prevented burns for first responders and
\neveryday persons alike.22
\nSimilarly, after the Washington Hospital Burn Center in Washington, DC, reported
\ntreating 108 firefighter burn injuries in 2008, they partnered with the District of Columbia Fire
\nDepartment (DCFD) and DC Firefighters Burn Foundation to develop a Firefighter Burn Injury
\nAwareness Course.23 This comprehensive program covered a wide range of topics, including a
\n\u201cmedical perspective\u201d section led by a burn professional that detailed the seriousness of these
\ninjuries and described the lengthy recovery process that involves surgery, treatment,
\nrehabilitation, and reconstruction.24 After all 2,400 members of the DCFD took this course over
\none month, there was a 20% decrease in firefighter burn injuries, which underscored the
\nimportance of education on burn prevention for both firefighters and the general population.25
\nSince then, more widespread fire safety education campaigns and public service announcements
\nhave informed the general public on how to prevent burn injuries in households, workplaces, and
\npublic spaces.
\nSeveral studies on firefighters have also improved medical approaches to burn treatment,
\nparticularly in tackling psychological wounds. The Firefighter Behavioral Health Alliance asserts
\nthat more firefighters died by suicide than in the line of duty from 2014 to 2020, with increased
\nrates for those with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or other emotional \u201cwounds of the spirit\u201d that
\nare often generated by burn injuries.26 Furthermore, an ongoing survey by the International
\nAssociation of Firefighters in partnership with the American Burn Association (ABA) tracking
\nfireground burn injuries among firefighters in North America has also found that firefighters are
\nat heightened risk of developing psychological trauma and suicidal ideation following a burn
\ninjury.
\n27 Even though this may seem obvious, the mental and emotional consequences of burn
\ninjuries have been historically neglected, especially among firefighters who are reluctant to
\nreport mental health issues. Therefore, findings such as these \u2014 which were featured in the
\nABA\u2019s Journal of Burn Care & Research, the only publication in the United States devoted
\nexclusively to the treatment and research of burn injuries \u2014 hold extra importance because they
\nvalidate the experiences of many survivors and have helped spur more research into this field.28
\nIndeed, experts contend that proper diagnosis and treatment of mental health issues is paramount
\nto rehabilitation therapy, as over 60% of all severely burned patients develop post-traumatic
\npsychological problems.29 Accordingly, psychiatrists and psychotherapists are now permanent
\nteam members in burn wards, which reveals a critical shift in how we approach the healing
\nprocess. In other words, patients with burn injuries are no longer considered recovered when
\ntheir physical wounds have healed; instead, in part due to research on firefighters, we now
\nunderstand that it is imperative to address the profound emotional scars that can cause long-term
\nalterations in one\u2019s well-being and overall quality of life.
\nResearch on firefighter burn injuries has thus significantly transformed the physical and
\npsychological recovery process of all burn survivors. The experiences of Sindy Lutz and Lauren
\nManning underscore the evolution in burn treatment over the last few decades. Although both
\nwomen were able to recover despite their life-threatening burns and would eventually meet each
\nother in person, Sindy\u2019s journey was hindered by the limited medical knowledge and lack of
\npsychological support at the time. Conversely, Lauren\u2019s recovery was characterized by an
\ninterdisciplinary care team that fully integrated advanced physical treatments, occupational
\ntherapy, and mental health support. Lauren\u2019s comprehensive treatment encapsulates current
\npractices that include all stages of the healing process: initial first aid, assessment of burn size
\nand depth, fluid resuscitation, excision and skin grafting, nutritional and pulmonary support, pain
\nmanagement, wound care, infection control, and physical, occupational, and psychological
\ntherapy. In this way, insights gleaned from studies on firefighter burns have increased survival
\nrates through pre-burn prevention programs and post-burn treatments while fostering a more
\nholistic approach to burn recovery that confronts the emotional impacts of these disfiguring
\ninjuries. As research continues to advance, we can hope for even better solutions that will further
\nimprove outcomes for all burn survivors.<\/p>\n

1 Hartmann, Bernd, and Lars Kamolz. \u201cA History of Burn Care.\u201d Medicina, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing
\nInstitute, 2021, www.mdpi.com\/books\/reprint\/4631, p. 3<\/p>\n

2 The author would like to thank Lutz for sharing her story through a series of phone interviews in November 2024.<\/p>\n

3 Manning, Greg. Love, Greg & Lauren: A Powerful True Story of Courage, Hope, and Survival. Random House
\nPublishing Group, 2002, p. 1<\/p>\n

4 Manning, Lauren. Unmeasured Strength: A Story of Survival and Transformation. Henry Holt and Company, 2011,
\np. 63<\/p>\n

5 Manning, p. 69<\/p>\n

6 Manning, p. 70<\/p>\n

7 Flayton, Leigh. \u201cAmazing Things: Lauren Manning.\u201d NewYork-Presbyterian: Health Matters, 8 Sept. 2017,
\nhealthmatters.nyp.org\/amazing-things-lauren-manning\/.<\/p>\n

8 Manning, p. 112<\/p>\n

9 Manning, p. 124<\/p>\n

10 Manning, p. 146<\/p>\n

11 Manning, p. 113<\/p>\n

12 Manning, p. 199<\/p>\n

13 Manning, p. 160<\/p>\n

14 \u201cWilliam Randolph Hearst Burn Center.\u201d NewYork-Presbyterian, William Randolph Hearst Burn Center at New
\nYork-Presbyterian Hospital, www.nyp.org\/burn-center.<\/p>\n

15 \u201cWilliam Randolph Hearst Burn Center\u201d<\/p>\n

16 \u201cWilliam Randolph Hearst Burn Center\u201d<\/p>\n

17 Rabbitts, Angela, et al. \u201cFirefighter burn injuries: A 10-year longitudinal study.\u201d Journal of Burn Care &
\nRehabilitation, vol. 25, no. 5, 1 Sept. 2004, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bcr.0000138290.49063.95.<\/p>\n

18 Rabbits, et al.<\/p>\n

19 Rabbits, et al.<\/p>\n

20 Rabbits, et al.<\/p>\n

21 Campbell, Richard. \u201cStatistical Report: Firefighter Injuries on the Fireground.\u201d NFPA Research, National Fire<\/p>\n

Protection Association, 31 July 2024, www.nfpa.org\/education-and-research\/research\/nfpa-research\/fire-statistical-
\nreports\/patterns-of-firefighter-fireground-injuries.<\/p>\n

22 \u201cNFPA 101: Life Safety Code.\u201d NFPA List of Codes & Standards, National Fire Protection Association,
\nwww.nfpa.org\/codes-and-standards\/nfpa-101-standard-development\/101.<\/p>\n

23 Woods, J, et al. \u201cThe Effectiveness of a Firefighter Burn Injury Awareness Program.\u201d Injury Prevention, vol. 16,
\nno. 1, Sept. 2010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2010.029215.472.<\/p>\n

24 Woods, J, et al.<\/p>\n

25 Woods, J, et al.<\/p>\n

26 Dill, Jeff. \u201cWounds of the Spirit: Moral Injury in Firefighters.\u201d Firefighter Behavioral Health Alliance, Firefighter
\nBehavioral Health Alliance, www.ffbha.org\/.<\/p>\n

27 \u201cBurn Injury Fire Fighter Tracking.\u201d American Burn Association, American Burn Association,
\nameriburn.org\/quality-care\/burn-injury-fire-fighter-tracking\/.<\/p>\n

28 \u201cJournal of Burn Care and Research.\u201d American Burn Association, American Burn Association,
\nameriburn.org\/research\/journal-of-burn-care-and-research\/.<\/p>\n

29 Spanholtz, Timo A. et al. \u201cSevere Burn Injuries: Acute and Long-Term Treatment.\u201d Deutsches Arzteblatt
\nInternational, vol. 106, no. 38, 18 Sept. 2009, doi:10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0607<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1036,"featured_media":752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nA History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care - Scribe\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Scribe\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Henry Mcquillan\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Henry Mcquillan\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3\"},\"headline\":\"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\"},\"wordCount\":10,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\",\"name\":\"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care - Scribe\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":800},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/\",\"name\":\"Scribe\",\"description\":\"USC Dornsife \",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3\",\"name\":\"Henry Mcquillan\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/96845f55fba7683656b8bbcb8a68b3c951a4e7abf7765d2478782dc73d20fd2b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/96845f55fba7683656b8bbcb8a68b3c951a4e7abf7765d2478782dc73d20fd2b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Henry Mcquillan\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/author\/hmcquill\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care - Scribe","og_url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/","og_site_name":"Scribe","article_published_time":"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":800,"url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Henry Mcquillan","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/"},"author":{"name":"Henry Mcquillan","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3"},"headline":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care","datePublished":"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/"},"wordCount":10,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg","articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/","name":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care - Scribe","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg","datePublished":"2025-12-04T03:40:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-04T03:41:22+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/491\/2025\/12\/image-from-rawpixel-id-4031867-jpeg.jpg","width":1200,"height":800},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/2025\/12\/03\/a-history-of-healing-how-firefighters-have-revolutionized-burn-care\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"A History of Healing: How Firefighters have Revolutionized Burn Care"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/","name":"Scribe","description":"USC Dornsife ","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/85ae5955a9ba6bb5a1212b7144ce53d3","name":"Henry Mcquillan","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/96845f55fba7683656b8bbcb8a68b3c951a4e7abf7765d2478782dc73d20fd2b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/96845f55fba7683656b8bbcb8a68b3c951a4e7abf7765d2478782dc73d20fd2b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Henry Mcquillan"},"url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/author\/hmcquill\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1036"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=751"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":753,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/751\/revisions\/753"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/scribe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}