{"id":173,"date":"2023-08-18T17:48:44","date_gmt":"2023-08-19T00:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-usc-dornsife.pantheonsite.io\/ralph-wedgwood\/?page_id=173"},"modified":"2026-04-20T16:21:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T23:21:05","slug":"online-papers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/ralph-wedgwood\/online-papers\/","title":{"rendered":"Online Papers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\n WORK IN PROGRESS\n <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n
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\n Platonism vs. Stoicism: Two Approaches to Realist Moral Epistemology<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n Authenticity as a Higher-Order Value<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n Intending the Improbable<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n Stoic Modal Logic and Stoic Compatibilism<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n A General Account of the Measurement of Value<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n Morality and Collective Rationality<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n Values First<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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\n PUBLISHED ARTICLES\n <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n
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\n Dilemmas as Conflicts Between Values\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Essays on Epistemic Dilemmas<\/a><\/em>, ed. Nick Hughes (Oxford University Press, 2026): 98\u2013121.
\n\u00a9 Ralph Wedgwood 2026
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\n Three Bulwarks of Non-Consequentialist Axiology\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics<\/a><\/em>, Vol. 16, ed. Mark Timmons (Oxford University Press, 2026): 31\u201351.
\n\u00a9 Ralph Wedgwood 2026
\nDownload PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Iniquity of Oblivion\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Bernard Williams on Philosophy and History<\/a><\/em>, ed. Marcel van Ackeren and Matthieu Queloz (Oxford University Press, 2025): 306\u2013332.
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2025
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\n Decision-Theoretic Virtue Ethics\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Engaging Raz: Themes in Normative Philosophy<\/a><\/em>, ed. Andrei Marmor, Kimberley Brownlee, and David Enoch (Oxford University Press, 2025): 71-94.
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2025
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\n Pricean Ignorance\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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British Journal for the History of Philosophy<\/a><\/em> Vol. 33, no. 3 (2025): 613\u2013634. DOI: 10.1080\/09608788.2024.2334763.
\n\u00a9 BSHP 2024
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\n How Can \u2018Evidence\u2019 be Normative?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Evidence<\/i><\/a>, ed. Maria Lasonen-Aarnio and Clayton Littlejohn (Routledge, 2023): 74\u201390.
\n\u00a9 Routledge 2023
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\n Ethical Naturalism, Non-Naturalism, and In-Between\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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The Oxford Handbook of Moral Realism<\/i><\/a>, ed. Paul Bloomfield and David Copp (Oxford University Press, 2023): 131\u2013155.
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press 2023
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\n Hierocles’ Concentric Circles\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy<\/i><\/a>, Vol. 62, ed. Victor Caston (Oxford University Press, 2023): 293\u2013332.
\n\u00a9 2023 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDownload PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Reasons Aggregation Theorem\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics<\/i><\/a>, Vol. 12, ed. Mark Timmons (Oxford University Press, 2022): 127\u2013148.
\n\u00a9 2022 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n Doxastic Rationality\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Propositional and Doxastic Justification: New Essays on their Nature and Significance<\/i><\/a>, ed. Luis Oliveria and Paul Silva Jr (Routledge, 2022): 219\u2013240.
\n\u00a9 2022 Taylor & Francis
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\n Practical and Theorectical Rationality\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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The Handbook of Rationality<\/i><\/a>, ed. Markus Knauf and Wolfgang Spohn (MIT Press, 2021): Chap. 2.2, 137\u201345.
\n\u00a9 2021 MIT Press
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\n The Internalist Virtue Theory of Knowledge\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Synthese<\/i><\/a>\u00a0197, no. 12, Special Issue: The Epistemology of Ernest Sosa (2020): 5357\u20135378.
\n\u00a9 2018 Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11229-018-1707-x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Moral Disagreement and Inexcusable Irrationality\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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American Philosophical Quarterly<\/i><\/a>\u00a056, no. 1 (2019): 97\u2013108.
\n\u00a9 2019 the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois
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\n A Probabilistic Epistemology of Perceptual Belief\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Issues<\/i><\/a>\u00a028, Philosophy of Logic and Inferential Reasoning (2018): 374\u2013398.
\n\u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals
\nDOI: 10.1111\/phis.12130<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Unity of Normativity\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0The Oxford Handbook of Reasons and Normativity\u00a0<\/i><\/a>, ed. Daniel Star (Oxford University Press, 2018): 23\u201345.
\n\u00a9 2018 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Plato’s Theory of Knowledge\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Virtue, Happiness, Knowledge: Themes from the Work of Gail Fine and Terence Irwin\u00a0<\/i><\/a>, ed. David O. Brink, Susan Sauv\u00e9 Meyer, and Christopher Shields (Oxford University Press, 2018): 33\u201356.
\n\u00a9 2018 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1093\/oso\/9780198817277.003.0003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Epistemic Teleology: Synchronic and Diachronic\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Epistemic Consequentialism<\/i><\/a>, ed. Kristoffer Ahlstrom-Vij and Jeffrey Dunn (Oxford University Press, 2018): 85\u2013112.
\n\u00a9 2018 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Coherence of Thrasymachus\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy<\/em><\/a>, ed. Victor Caston, Vol. 53 (Oxford University Press, 2017): 33\u201363.
\n\u00a9 2017 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n Must rational intentions maximize utility?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Explorations<\/i><\/a>\u00a020, sup. 2 (2017): 73\u201392.
\n\u00a9 2017 Informa UK Ltd, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
\nDOI: 10.1080\/13869795.2017.1356352<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Predicament of Choice\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Oxford Studies in Metaethics<\/em><\/a>, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau, Vol. 12 (Oxford University Press, 2017): 294\u2013313.
\n\u00a9 2017 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n Objective and Subjective ‘Ought’\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Deontic Modality<\/i><\/a>, ed. Nate Charlow and Matthew Chrisman (Oxford University Press, 2016): 142\u201368.
\n\u00a9 2016 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n Is Civil Marriage Illiberal?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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After Marriage: Rethinking Marital Relationships<\/i><\/a>, ed. Elizabeth Brake (Oxford University Press, 2016): 29\u201350.
\n\u00a9 2016 Oxford University Press
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Two Grades of Non-Consequentialism\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Criminal Law and Philosophy<\/i><\/a>, 10, no. 4 (2016): 795\u2013814.)
\n\u00a9 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11572-014-9351-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Pitfalls of ‘Reasons’\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Issues<\/i><\/a>\u00a025, Normativity (2015): 123\u2013143.
\n\u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
\nDOI: 10.1111\/phis.12054<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n An Inferentialist Conception of the\u00a0A Priori\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Oxford Studies in Epistemology<\/i><\/a>, vol. 5, ed. Tamar Szab\u00f3 Gendler and John Hawthorne (Oxford University Press, 2015): 295\u2013314.
\n\u00a9 2015 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Rationality as a Virtue\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Analytic Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a055, no. 4 (December 2014): 319\u2013338.
\n\u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
\nDOI: 10.1111\/phib.12055<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Moral Disagreement among Philosophers\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Challenges to Moral and Religious Belief: Disagreement and Evolution<\/i><\/a>, ed. Michael Bergmann and Patrick Kain (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014): 23-39.
\n\u00a9 2014 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n The Right Thing to Believe?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0The Aim of Belief<\/a><\/i>, ed. Timothy Chan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013): 123-139.
\n\u00a9 2013 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n The Weight of Moral Reasons\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics<\/a><\/i>, ed. Mark Timmons, vol. 3 (2013): 35-58.
\n\u00a9 2013 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Akrasia\u00a0and Uncertainty\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Organon F<\/i><\/a>, 20, no. 4, ed. Julian Fink (2013): 483\u2013505.
\n\u00a9 2013 Ralph Wedgwood
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\n Rational ‘Ought’ Implies ‘Can’\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Issues<\/i><\/a>\u00a023 (2013): 70\u201392.
\n\u00a9 2013 Wiley-Blackwell
\nDOI: 10.1111\/phis.12004<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n A Priori\u00a0Bootstrapping\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0The A Priori in Philosophy<\/a><\/i>, ed. Albert Casullo and Joshua C. Thurow (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013): 226-246.
\n\u00a9 2013 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199695331.003.0011<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Doxastic Correctness\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society<\/a><\/i>, Supplementary Vol. 87 (2013): 38\u201354.
\n\u00a9 2013 The Aristotelian Society
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1467-8349.2013.00219.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Gandalf’s Solution to the Newcomb Problem\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Synthese<\/a><\/i>\u00a0190, no. 14 (2013): 2643\u20132675.
\n\u00a9 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11229-011-9900-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Outright Belief\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

dialectica<\/a>\u00a0<\/i>66, no. 3, Special Issue on Belief and Degrees of Belief, ed. Philip Ebert and Martin Smith (2012): 309\u2013329.
\n\u00a9 2012 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1746-8361.2012.01305.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Justified Inference\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Synthese<\/a><\/i>\u00a0189, no. 2 (2012): 273-295.
\n\u00a9 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11229-011-0012-8<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Defending Double Effect\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Ratio<\/a><\/i>\u00a024, Special Issue on Deontological Ethics, ed. Brad Hooker (December 2011): 384-401.
\n\u00a9 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1467-9329.2011.00508.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Instrumental Rationality\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Metaethics<\/a><\/i>, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau, vol. 6 (2011): 280\u2013309.
\n\u00a9 2011 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Primitively Rational Belief-Forming Processes\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Reasons for Belief<\/a><\/i>, ed. Andrew Reisner and Asbj\u00f8rn Steglich-Petersen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011): 180\u2013200.
\n\u00a9 2011 Cambridge University Press
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Moral Evil Demons\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Disagreement<\/i><\/a>, ed. Richard Feldman and Ted Warfield (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2010): 216-246
\n\u00a9 2010 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The ‘Good’ and the ‘Right’ Revisited\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Perspectives<\/a><\/i>\u00a023 (2009): 499-519.
\n\u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1520-8583.2009.00181.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Intrinsic Values and Reasons for Action\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Issues<\/a><\/i>\u00a019 (2009): 342-363.
\n\u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1533-6077.2009.00172.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Diotima’s Eudaemonism: Intrinsic Value and Rational Motivation in Plato’s\u00a0Symposium\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Phronesis<\/a><\/i>\u00a054 (2009): 297-325.
\n\u00a9 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden
\nDOI: 10.1163\/003188609X12486562883093<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Normativity of the Intentional\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Mind<\/a><\/i>, ed. Brian P. McLaughlin and Ansgar Beckermann (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2009): 421-36.
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Contextualism about Justified Belief\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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The Philosophers’ Imprint<\/a><\/i>, vol. 8, no. 9 (September 2008): 1-20.
\n\u00a9 Ralph Wedgwood
\nhttp:\/\/www.philosophersimprint.org\/008009\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Butler on Virtue, Self-Interest and Human Nature\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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in\u00a0Morality and Self-Interest<\/a><\/i>, ed. Paul Bloomfield (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007): 177-204.
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Normativism Defended\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Contemporary Debates in the Philosophy of Mind<\/a><\/i>, ed. Brian P. McLaughlin and Jonathan Cohen (Blackwell, 2007): 85-101.
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Normative Force of Reasoning\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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No\u00fbs<\/a><\/i>\u00a040, no. 4 (2006): 660-686.
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1468-0068.2006.00628.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Meaning of ‘Ought’\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Oxford Studies in Metaethics<\/a><\/i>, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau, vol. 1 (2006): 127-160
\n\u00a9 2011 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Internal and External Components of Cognition\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Contemporary Debates in Cognitive Science<\/a><\/i>, ed. Robert Stainton (Blackwell, 2006): 307-325
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers
\nPDF (A4 paper size)\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>PDF (American Letter size)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n How We Know What Ought to Be\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society<\/a><\/i>\u00a0106, no. 1 (September 2005): 61-84
\n\u00a9 The Aristotelian Society
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1467-9264.2006.00139.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Metaethicists’ Mistake\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Perspectives<\/a><\/i>\u00a018 (2004): 405-426
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1520-8583.2004.00035.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Choosing Rationally and Choosing Correctly\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

in\u00a0Weakness of Will and Practical Irrationality<\/a><\/i>, ed. Sarah Stroud and Christine Tappolet (Oxford UP, 2003): 201-229
\n\u00a9 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Aim of Belief\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Perspectives<\/a><\/i>\u00a016 (2002): 267-297
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers
\nDOI: 10.1111\/1468-0068.36.s16.10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Internalism Explained\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophy and Phenomenological Research<\/a><\/i>\u00a065 (2002): 349-369
\n\u00a9 International Phenomenological Society
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1933-1592.2002.tb00206.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Practical Reason and Desire\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Australasian Journal of Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a080 (2002): 345-358
\n\u00a9 Oxford University Press
\nDOI: 10.1080\/713659471<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Conceptual Role Semantics for Moral Terms\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Review<\/a><\/i>\u00a0110 (2001): 1-30
\n\u00a9 Cornell University
\nDOI: 10.1215\/00318108-110-1-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n\n \n

\n The Price of Non-Reductive Physicalism\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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No\u00fbs<\/i>\u00a0<\/a>34 (2000): 400\u2013421
\n\u00a9 1999 Blackwell Publishers
\nDOI: 10.1111\/0029-4624.00217<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n\n \n

\n The Price of Non-Reductive Moral Realism\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Ethical Theory and Moral Practice<\/i><\/a>\u00a02 (1999): 199\u2013215 .
\n\u00a9 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
\nDOI: 10.1023\/A:1009994827047<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

\n\n
\n\n \n
\n\n \n

\n The Fundamental Argument for Same-Sex Marriage\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Journal of Political Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a07 (1999): 225-242.
\n\u00a9 1999 Blackwell Publishers
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Essence of Response-Dependence\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

European Review of Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a03 (1997): 31-54.
\n\u00a9 Ralph Wedgwood
\nPDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Theories of Content and Theories of Motivation\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

European JOurnal of Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a03 (1995): 273\u2013288.
\n\u00a9 Blackwell Publishers 1995
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1468-0378.1995.tb00055.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n <\/div>\n \n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n DISCUSSIONS, CRITICAL NOTICES AND REVIEWS\n <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n
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\n Can our reasons determine what it is rational for us to believe?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Comments on Mark Schroeder, Reasons First<\/em>. Philosophical Studies<\/a> (2023).
\n\u00a9 2023 Ralph Wedgwood, under exclusive license to Springer Nature B.V.
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11098-023-02034-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Against Marriage: An Egalitarian Defense of the Marriage-Free State, by Clare Chambers\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Ethics<\/i><\/a>\u00a0129, no. 2 (2019): 398\u2013403.
\n\u00a9 University of Chicago Press
\nDOI: 10.1086\/700046<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Fifteen Sermons and Other Writings on Ethics, by Joseph Butler, ed. David McNaughton\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Journal of the History of Philosophy<\/i><\/a>\u00a056, no. 3 (2018):563\u2013564.
\n\u00a9 Journal of the History of Philosophy, Inc.
\nDOI: 10.1353\/hph.2018.0061<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Being Realistic about Reasons, by T. M. Scanlon\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Philosophical Quarterly<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(2015)
\n\u00a9 2015 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1093\/pq\/pqv029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Taking Morality Seriously: A Defence of Robust Realism, by David Enoch\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Philosophical Quarterly<\/a><\/em>\u00a063, no. 251 (2013): 389\u201394.
\n\u00a9 2013 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1111\/1467-9213.2007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Minimizing Marriage: Marriage, Morality and the Law, by Elizabeth Brake\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews<\/a><\/i>\u00a0(2012)
\n\u00a9 2012 Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews
\nhttp:\/\/ndpr.nd.edu\/news\/35201-minimizing-marriage-marriage-morality-and-the-law\/.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0The Nature and Value of Knowledge: Three Investigations, by Duncan Pritchard, Alan Millar and Adrian Haddock\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Analysis<\/i><\/a>\u00a0(Published online: November 12, 2011).
\n\u00a9 2011 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1093\/analys\/anr116\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Scanlon on Double Effect\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophy and Phenomenological Research<\/a><\/i>\u00a083, no. 2 (2011): 464-472.
\n\u00a9 2011 Philosophy and Phenomenological Research LLC
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1933-1592.2011.00517.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Nature of Normativity: Pr\u00e9cis\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Philosophical Studies<\/a><\/i>, Online First (8 April 2010).
\n\u00a9 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11098-010-9553-9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n The Nature of Normativity: Reply to Holton, Railton, and Lenman\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
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Philosophical Studies<\/a><\/i>, Online First (8 April 2010).
\n\u00a9 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11098-010-9554-8<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Schroeder on Expressivism: For — Or Against?\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Analysis<\/i><\/a>\u00a070 (January 2010): 117-129.
\n\u00a9 2009 Ralph Wedgwood
\nDOI: 10.1093\/analys\/anp153<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of Kieran Setiya,\u00a0Reasons without Rationalism\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Mind<\/i><\/a>\u00a0117 (October 2008): 1130-5.
\n\u00a9 2008 Mind Association
\nDOI: 10.1093\/mind\/fzn145<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Christopher Peacocke’s\u00a0The Realm of Reason\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Philosophy and Phenomenological Research<\/a><\/i>\u00a074, no. 3 (May 2007), 776-791.
\n\u00a9 2007 International Phenomenological Society
\nDOI: 10.1111\/j.1933-1592.2007.00055.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Railton on Normativity\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

(Comments on Peter Railton’s\u00a0Fact, Values, and Norms<\/i>, Part III),\u00a0Philosophical Studies<\/a><\/i>\u00a0126, no. 3 (December 2005), 463-479.
\n\u00a9 2005 Springer
\nDOI: 10.1007\/s11098-005-2317-2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

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\n Review of\u00a0Hate Crimes: Criminal Law and Identity Politics, by James B. Jacobs and Kimberly Potter\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Journal of Homosexuality<\/a><\/i>\u00a045, no. 1 (2003), 152-159.
\n\u00a9 2003 The Haworth Press, Inc.
\nDOI:10.1300\/J082v45n01_07<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n \n <\/div>\n\n \n <\/div>\n \n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":355,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-content-detail.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-173","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOnline Papers - Ralph Wedgwood<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/ralph-wedgwood\/online-papers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Online Papers - Ralph Wedgwood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/ralph-wedgwood\/online-papers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ralph Wedgwood\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-20T23:21:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/ralph-wedgwood\/online-papers\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/ralph-wedgwood\/online-papers\/\",\"name\":\"Online Papers - 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