{"id":3158,"date":"2019-11-06T09:10:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-06T17:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/peace-advocates-have-long-been-found-among-veterans-who-fought-in-americas-wars\/"},"modified":"2024-10-02T20:36:04","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T03:36:04","slug":"veterans-of-war-become-advocates-for-peace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/veterans-of-war-become-advocates-for-peace\/","title":{"rendered":"Peace advocates have long been found among veterans who fought in America\u2019s wars"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n            \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3104-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3104-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"Peace advocates have long been found among veterans who fought in America\u2019s wars\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Members of Veterans for Peace march in a Veterans Day parade in Santa Fe, New Mexico. (Photo: Michael Messner.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=faculty\">Faculty<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Peace advocates have long been found among veterans who fought in America\u2019s wars<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  After experiencing firsthand the horrifying results of war, many veterans become outspoken critics of military conflict. <strong>[4 \u00bd min read]<\/strong>\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Michael Messner<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">November 6, 2019<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m8.14285714 9.42857143c-.17142857 0-.34285714 0-.51428571.08571428l7.28571427 6.34285719c.3428572.2571428.6857143.2571428.9428572 0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>If President Donald Trump had gotten his way, the nation would have celebrated the centennial of the World War I armistice last year on Nov. 11 with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/planning-trump-s-military-parade-finally-getting-underway-n887431\">a massive military parade in Washington, D.C.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>But that didn&rsquo;t happen. When the Pentagon announced the president&rsquo;s decision to cancel the parade, they blamed local politicians for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/08\/17\/us\/politics\/trump-military-parade.html\">driving up the cost of the proposed event<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There may have been other reasons.<\/p>\n<p>Veterans were especially outspoken in their opposition. Retired generals and admirals feared such a demonstration would embarrass the U.S., placing the nation in the company of <a href=\"http:\/\/time.com\/5137317\/donald-trump-military-parade-officers\/\">small-time authoritarian regimes<\/a> that regularly parade their tanks and missiles as demonstrations of their military might. And some veterans&rsquo; organizations opposed the parade because they saw it as a celebration of militarism and war.<\/p>\n<p>The advocacy group Veterans for Peace joined a coalition of 187 organizations that sought to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.veteransforpeace.org\/files\/6315\/3444\/0593\/Sign_on_Statement_Against_Military_Parade.pdf\">&ldquo;Stop the Military Parade; Reclaim Armistice Day<\/a>.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>Veterans of past wars, as I document in my book <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rutgersuniversitypress.org\/guys-like-me\/9781978802810\">&ldquo;Guys Like Me: Five Wars, Five Veterans for Peace,&rdquo;<\/a> have long been at the forefront of peace advocacy in the United States.<\/p>\n<h2>Politicians&rsquo; betrayal?<\/h2>\n<p>There is a deep history to veterans&rsquo; peace advocacy.<\/p>\n<p>As a young boy, I got my first hint of veterans&rsquo; aversion to war from my grandfather, a World War I Army veteran. Just the mention of Veterans Day could trigger a burst of anger that &ldquo;the damned politicians&rdquo; had betrayed veterans of &ldquo;The Great War.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>In 1954 Armistice Day was renamed as Veterans Day. In previous years, citizens in the U.S. and around the world celebrated the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/world-war-i-ends\">11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918<\/a> not simply as the moment that war ended, but also as the dawning of a lasting peace.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;They told us it was &lsquo;The War to End All Wars,&rsquo;&rdquo; my grandfather said to me. &ldquo;And we believed that.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<h6><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=753&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=753&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=753&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=947&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=947&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244000\/original\/file-20181105-74766-1ni450c.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=947&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"><\/a><br \/><strong><span class=\"caption\"><em>The New York Tribune<\/em> on Nov. 11, 1918.<\/span> <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/chroniclingamerica.loc.gov\/lccn\/sn83030214\/1918-11-11\/ed-1\/seq-1\/#words=over+end+surrendered+Over+war+ENDED+War+armistice+SURRENDERED+End+surrender+WAR+Armistice\">Library of Congress<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<h2>Veterans for peace<\/h2>\n<p>What my grandfather spoke about so forcefully was not an idle dream. In fact, a mass movement for peace had pressed the U.S. government, in 1928, to sign the <a href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1921-1936\/kellogg\">Kellogg-Briand Pact<\/a>, an international <a href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/kbpact.asp\">&ldquo;Treaty for the Renunciation of War,&rdquo;<\/a> sponsored by the United States and France and subsequently <a href=\"http:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/books\/The-Internationalists\/Oona-A-Hathaway\/9781501109867\">signed by most of the nations of the world<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1921-1936\/kellogg\">A State Department historian described the agreement<\/a> this way: &ldquo;In the final version of the pact, they agreed upon two clauses: the first outlawed war as an instrument of national policy and the second called upon signatories to settle their disputes by peaceful means.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>The pact did not end war, of course. Within a decade, another global war would erupt. But at the time, the pact articulated the sentiments of ordinary citizens, including World War I veterans and organizations like the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vfw.org\/\">Veterans of Foreign Wars<\/a>, who during the late 1930s <a href=\"http:\/\/etd.fcla.edu\/UF\/UFE0006061\/ortiz_s.pdf#page=201\">opposed U.S. entry into the deepening European conflicts<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.va.gov\/opa\/vetsday\/vetdayhistory.asp\">In 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the law<\/a> changing the name of the holiday to Veterans Day, to include veterans of World War II and Korea.<\/p>\n<h6><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=477&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=477&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=477&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/244003\/original\/file-20181105-74754-1jq7qe8.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"> <br \/><strong><span class=\"caption\">Eisenhower on June 1, 1954, signing the legislation that changed Armistice Day to Veterans Day.<\/span> <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:72-901-1_HR7786_Veterans_Day_June_1_1954.jpg#\/media\/File:72-901-1_HR7786_Veterans_Day_June_1_1954.jpg\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<h2>&lsquo;Guys like me&rsquo;<\/h2>\n<p>For my grandfather, the name change symbolically punctuated the repudiation of the dream of lasting peace. Hope evaporated, replaced with the ugly reality that politicians would continue to find reasons to send American boys &ndash; &ldquo;guys like me,&rdquo; as he put it &ndash; to fight and die in wars.<\/p>\n<p>World War I, like subsequent wars, incubated a generation of veterans committed to preventing such future horrors for their sons.<\/p>\n<p>From working-class Army combat veterans like my grandfather to retired generals like <a href=\"https:\/\/fas.org\/man\/smedley.htm\">Smedley Butler<\/a> &ndash; who wrote and delivered public speeches arguing that &ldquo;war is a racket,&rdquo; benefiting only the economic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/War-Racket-Antiwar-Americas-Decorated\/dp\/0922915865\">interests of ruling-class industrialists<\/a> &ndash; World War I veterans spoke out to prevent future wars. And veterans of subsequent wars continue speaking out today.<\/p>\n<p>There have been six U.S. presidents since my grandfather&rsquo;s death in early 1981 &ndash; Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump &ndash; and each <a href=\"https:\/\/fas.org\/sgp\/crs\/natsec\/R42738.pdf\">committed U.S. military forces to overt or covert wars<\/a> around the world.<\/p>\n<p>Most of these wars, large or small, have been met with opposition from veterans&rsquo; peace groups. In the 1960s and early 1970s, Vietnam Veterans Against the War was a <a href=\"https:\/\/nyupress.org\/books\/9780814751473\/\">powerful force in the popular opposition to the American war in Vietnam<\/a>. And <a href=\"https:\/\/www.veteransforpeace.org\/\">Veterans for Peace<\/a>, along with <a href=\"https:\/\/aboutfaceveterans.org\">About Face: Veterans Against the War<\/a>, remain outspoken against America&rsquo;s militarism and participation in wars in the Middle East and elsewhere.<\/p>\n<p>Were he alive today, I believe my grandfather would surely express indignation that American leaders continue to send the young to fight and die in wars throughout the world.<\/p>\n<p>Still, I like to imagine my grandfather smiling had he lived to witness some of the activities that will take place this November 11: Once again, Veterans for Peace will join other peace organizations in Washington, D.C. and in cities around the U.S. and the world, marching behind banners that read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.veteransforpeace.org\/our-work\/armistice-day\">&ldquo;Observe Armistice Day, Wage Peace<\/a>!&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p><em>This is an updated version of <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/veterans-have-fought-in-wars-and-fought-against-them-99966\">an article<\/a> originally published on Nov. 8, 2018.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[ <em>Like what you&rsquo;ve read? Want more?<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/us\/newsletters?utm_source=TCUS&amp;utm_medium=inline-link&amp;utm_campaign=newsletter-text&amp;utm_content=likethis\">Sign up for The Conversation&rsquo;s daily newsletter<\/a>. ]<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/126467\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\"><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/michael-messner-516084\">Michael Messner<\/a>, Professor of Sociology and Gender Studies, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-southern-california-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">University of Southern California &ndash; Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/peace-advocates-have-long-been-found-among-veterans-who-fought-in-americas-wars-126467\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/from-refugee-to-brigadier-general-trojan-warrior-invokes-his-fighting-spirit\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >From refugee to brigadier general: Trojan warrior invokes his fighting spirit<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/national-world-war-i-memorial\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >\u201cWe were young, they say. We have died. Remember us.\u201d<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/40-something-father-army-vet-earns-history-degree\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >40-something single father, Army vet and lifelong USC fan earns bachelor\u2019s degree<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After experiencing firsthand the horrifying results of war, many veterans become outspoken critics of military conflict. <strong>[4 \u00bd min read]<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":3161,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[143,105,83,211],"class_list":["post-3158","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","tag-faculty","tag-politics","tag-the-conversation","tag-veteran"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Peace advocates have long been found among veterans who fought in America\u2019s wars<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"After experiencing firsthand the horrifying results of war, many veterans become outspoken critics of military conflict. [4 \u00bd min read]\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/veterans-of-war-become-advocates-for-peace\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Peace advocates have long been found among veterans who fought in America\u2019s wars\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"After experiencing firsthand the horrifying results of war, many veterans become outspoken critics of military conflict. 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