{"id":2882,"date":"2020-03-03T16:25:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-04T00:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/charlottes-web-spins-academic-success-for-women-in-mathematics\/"},"modified":"2025-02-11T16:13:12","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T00:13:12","slug":"mathematics-club-advances-women-in-field","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mathematics-club-advances-women-in-field\/","title":{"rendered":"Charlotte\u2019s Web spins academic success for women in mathematics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3174-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3174-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3174-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"Charlotte\u2019s Web spins academic success for women in mathematics\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Charlotte Angas Scott, the first mathematics professor at Bryn Mawr College, served as an inspiration for the name of the club, which was funded with help from USC\u2019s Women in Science and Engineering (WiSE) program. (Image Composite: Dennis Lan.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=student\">Student<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Charlotte\u2019s Web spins academic success for women in mathematics<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  The Charlotte\u2019s Web club provides mentorship, networking and support to women in the field of mathematics. <strong>[5\u00bd min read]<\/strong>\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Margaret Crable<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">March 3, 2020<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 4.0350274 1.058837 1.0874543 2.51831502 1.6884158 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m8.14285714 9.42857143c-.17142857 0-.34285714 0-.51428571.08571428l7.28571427 6.34285719c.3428572.2571428.6857143.2571428.9428572 0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>Over the course of nine frigid days in January 1880, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/women\/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps\/scott-charlotte-angas-1858-1931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Charlotte Angas Scott<\/a> tackled the Cambridge University Mathematical Tripos Exams. As a woman, she had been required to gain special permission to take the exam, generally reserved only for men. She finished with the eighth highest score \u2014 and was promptly barred from the all-male award ceremony and omitted from the official honors list.<\/p>\n<p>Scott wasn\u2019t actually a student at Cambridge, which wouldn\u2019t make women full members of the university for another 50 years. She was officially enrolled at the then all-women Girton College nearby, attending classes at Cambridge when professors allowed. This was risky. Cambridge jailed women they suspected of having a \u201ccorrupting influence on male students\u201d in a prison called \u201cSpinning House.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>News of her ground-breaking success on the exams spread, and subsequent publicity forced the university to allow all women to take the tests, their names now appearing alongside their male compatriots.<\/p>\n<p>For most of her career, Scott taught at Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania, where she was a founding faculty member and the first mathematics professor. She mentored seven women mathematics Ph.D. students though their dissertations. She was the chief mathematics examiner for the College Entrance Examination Board, developing testing standards that remained unchanged for more than 80 years.<\/p>\n<p>Nearly 100 years after her death, one club at USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences is carrying on her legacy of advancing women in mathematics. The <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/charlottes-web\/\">USC Women in Math Group: Charlotte\u2019s Web<\/a>, named for Scott, helps women and non-binary people studying mathematics achieve success by building a broad web of support.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe goal of the club is for women to feel there is a place for them in mathematics, that they are comfortable and have a network both in the department and in the field,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/cf\/faculty-and-staff\/faculty.cfm?pid=1003338\">Cymra Haskell<\/a>, professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/mathematics\/\">mathematics<\/a> and founder of Charlotte\u2019s Web.<\/p>\n<h2>Warning: road blocks ahead<\/h2>\n<p>Since Scott\u2019s exam days, women have made great strides in STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). They now account for 53% of the world\u2019s bachelor\u2019s and master\u2019s degrees in these fields, according to a <a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000235406_eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO report<\/a>. Equity in math <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/rachelcrowell\/2019\/03\/28\/why-talk-about-women-in-math\/#6e0219271790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">remains elusive<\/a>, however. From 1995 to 2014, the number of women graduating with bachelor\u2019s degrees in math and statistics declined, from 46.9% of graduates to 41.7%, and women still make up less than 30% of those graduating with a doctoral degree, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nsf.gov\/statistics\/2017\/nsf17310\/digest\/fod-women\/mathematics-and-statistics.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Science Foundation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Haskell feels the often brutally competitive nature of the field may have something to do with this gap.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWomen are socialized to not tolerate competitive environments in the same way as men, who feel like they have to just put up with it,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn math you\u2019re constantly told you\u2019re wrong because there are actually right and wrong answers,\u201d says Haskell. For those struggling to make space for themselves in a field where they are the minority and where they may be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/news\/2014\/03\/both-genders-think-women-are-bad-basic-math\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewed as less competent<\/a>, this sort of environment can quickly become discouraging<\/p>\n<p>For Kelley Yang, an undergraduate\u00a0in mathematics, the esoteric field can also be a lonely place.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cStudying mathematics \u2014 especially pure math \u2014 can feel isolating because there are no immediate practical applications to the ideas that are taught. There isn\u2019t even a common language for discussing the topics with people who don\u2019t have familiarity with math,\u201d Yang says.<\/p>\n<p>Haskell finds that women dropping out of math aren\u2019t quitting because they dislike work. \u201cThey internalize their dislike as not liking the field, rather than acknowledging that the environment is off.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>World wide web<\/h2>\n<p>The solution to this isolation and discouragement, Haskell believes, is to create spaces within the field where women and non-binary people feel welcomed, celebrated and supported by their peers. \u201cA network and community of friends make you feel excited about the math, rather than always feeling inadequate\u201d.<\/p>\n<div class=\"news-image-landscape news-image-right\">\n<figure style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/migration-uploads\/charlottles-web-secondary-3174.jpg\" alt=\"Group photo of Charlotte's Web club members posing together\" width=\"450\" height=\"290\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of Charlotte\u2019s Web at a recent club event. (Photo: Courtesy of Kelley Yang.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>The power of mentorship is personal for Haskell. Her own career was shaped by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pomona.edu\/directory\/people\/ami-e-radunskaya\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ami Radunskaya<\/a>, professor of mathematics at Pomona College, who founded the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgeforwomen.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enhancing Diversity in Graduate Education<\/a> (EDGE) program. EDGE helps women successfully complete doctoral programs in mathematics and take on prominent leadership roles in the field.<\/p>\n<p>Students in Charlotte\u2019s Web also list women mathematicians as role models. Doctoral student Eilidh McKemmie cites mathematics professor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maths.ox.ac.uk\/people\/karin.erdmann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karin Erdmann<\/a>, an expert in modular representation theory,\u00a0at the University of Oxford, where McKemmie completed her undergraduate studies. Yang mentions <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/tech\/annals-of-technology\/maryam-mirzakhanis-pioneering-mathematical-legacy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maryam Mirzakhani<\/a>, the first woman to win the prestigious Fields Medal in mathematics.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShe was known for putting her ideas to paper by drawing fantastical things, which reminds me that beautiful\u00a0math\u00a0can come out of experimenting in fun and whimsical threads of thought,\u201d says Yang.<\/p>\n<h2>Web of connection<\/h2>\n<p>Charlotte\u2019s Web came to fruition at USC Dornsife in 2001, thanks to USC\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/wise.usc.edu\/\">Women in Science and Engineering<\/a> (WiSE) program. Haskell pitched her proposal to WiSE and received funding to start a club.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe first time I sent an email invitation to the women math graduate students, I thought no one would show up,\u201d she recalls. \u201cThen a ton of people showed up to the first meeting and I thought, \u2018Wow, maybe there\u2019s been a need.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Every academic year, the club hosts a wide variety of activities aimed at community-building, from dinner lectures to networking teas to kayaking. In 2019, the club organized a weekend retreat at the <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/wrigley\/wmsc\/\">USC Wrigley Marine Science Center<\/a> on Catalina Island off the coast of Los Angeles where women mathematicians talked frankly about the challenges they face in the field.<\/p>\n<p>Noting the supportive and diverse nature of the club, Yang recounts her first event with Charlotte\u2019s Web, at a rock-climbing class in Culver City.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEveryone was cheering and encouraging each other. At dinner after, I started to shake off the sense that I had been doing everything wrong \u2014 taking the wrong classes, or doing the wrong independent reading \u2014 because I saw how diverse the group was, as diverse in their mathematical interests as in their demographic backgrounds.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Connections remain after graduation, too. Haskell referred a graduate to an alumna who helped her embark on a successful actuary career. A few years later, Haskell referred another alumna to them, who started work at the same firm.<\/p>\n<p>For Haskell, supporting the success of women in math is not just about achieving gender parity, but about advancing the discipline. Women dropping out of the field could mean losing the one person who could fill an essential gap.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere is evidence that having a diverse group means people make better decisions,\u201d she said. \u201cIn math, there a lot of people doing work that, individually, doesn\u2019t feel like it\u2019s doing much for the discipline. But it\u2019s the cumulative effects of the work that allow people to make a big step. It\u2019s the filling in of holes.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/a-math-ph-d-that-goes-beyond-the-numbers\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >A math Ph.D. that goes beyond the numbers<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/alum-neil-siegel-national-medal-technology-innovation\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Alumnus parlays USC Dornsife math degrees into society-changing technologies<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/first-female-tenured-usc-mathematics-professor\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >First female tenured USC mathematics professor reflects on academic career<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Charlotte\u2019s Web club provides mentorship, networking and support to women and non-binary people in the field of mathematics. <strong>[5\u00bd min read]<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":2885,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[643,94],"class_list":["post-2882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-student","tag-cymra-haskell","tag-mathematics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Charlotte\u2019s Web spins academic success for women in mathematics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Charlotte\u2019s Web club provides mentorship, networking and support to women in the field of mathematics. [5\u00bd min read]\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mathematics-club-advances-women-in-field\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Charlotte\u2019s Web spins academic success for women in mathematics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Charlotte\u2019s Web club provides mentorship, networking and support to women in the field of mathematics. 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