{"id":24576,"date":"2025-05-22T08:45:02","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T15:45:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=24576"},"modified":"2025-05-22T08:51:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T15:51:06","slug":"tropical-cyclones-increase-infant-mortality-in-poorer-countries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/tropical-cyclones-increase-infant-mortality-in-poorer-countries\/","title":{"rendered":"Even weak tropical cyclones raise infant mortality in poorer countries, USC-led research finds"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                                    \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/05\/hurricane-infant-dornsife-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/05\/hurricane-infant-dornsife-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/05\/hurricane-infant-dornsife-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/05\/hurricane-infant-dornsife-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"Satellite image of hurricane over Caribbean islands\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Tropical cyclones like Hurricane Lee, which struck Haiti and The Dominican Republic in 2023, can cause a spike in infant mortality in those and similar countries. (Image source: iStock.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=health\">Health<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Even weak tropical cyclones raise infant mortality in poorer countries, USC-led research finds<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  A new study finds that even storms below hurricane strength significantly increase infant deaths in low- and middle-income countries, and not just for the reasons experts expected.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Darrin S. Joy<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">May 22, 2025<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 4.0350274 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\n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Key findings:\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n      <ul>\n              <li><p>Tropical cyclones increased infant mortality by an average of 11% across seven low- and middle-income countries between 2002 and 2021.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>The risk of death was highest during the first year of life after a damaging tropical cyclone \u2014 even if it is below hurricane strength.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>Storm impacts on prenatal care and child growth, an indicator of early-life nutrition, did not account for the rise in infant deaths.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>The findings underscore the need for improved disaster response and child health protections in cyclone-prone low- and middle-income regions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>Tropical cyclones, including storms below hurricane and typhoon strength, were associated with a sharp rise in infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries during the first two decades of this century, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.adt9640\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new research<\/a> published in <em>Science Advances<\/em>. The findings point to a critical need for stronger disaster response and child health protections in vulnerable regions, especially as climate change increases the frequency and severity of these storms.<\/p>\n<p>Infants in these regions exposed to tropical cyclones before they were born or during their first year of life were significantly more likely to die: Infant mortality rose an average of 11% over baseline rates \u2014 an increase of 4.4 deaths per 1,000 live births.<\/p>\n<p>The risk was greatest in the first year after a storm and did not appear to persist beyond two years after.<\/p>\n<p>Surprisingly, the increase in mortality could not be explained by reduced access to prenatal care or worsening nutrition, two commonly cited health risks following natural disasters. \u201cThe fact that health care use and undernutrition were not affected by tropical cyclone exposure suggests that the mortality effects are driven by other factors that we could not directly study,\u201d said lead author <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/profile\/zachary-wagner\/\">Zachary Wagner<\/a>, associate professor (research) of economics at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences and senior economist at the College\u2019s Center for Economic and Social Research. \u201cWe have a lot more research to do to uncover these main drivers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The study team \u2014 which included researchers from RAND Corporation, Stanford University, Johns Hopkins University and Belgium\u2019s UCLouvain \u2014 found that the increased mortality followed not just the most intense storms but also lower-intensity tropical storms, which are far more common.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome of the countries had only a few Category 3 or higher storms during the period we studied,\u201d said Zetianyu Wang, a PhD student under Wagner at RAND and first author on the report. This made it more difficult to detect clear links between the most intense storms and infant deaths. \u201cBut that doesn\u2019t mean the impact of larger storms is absent. As the planet warms, we risk more tragedies across the globe if measures aren\u2019t taken to protect children in the poorest countries.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Storm effects varied widely among countries<\/h2>\n<p>The researchers analyzed nearly 1.7 million child records from seven economically disadvantaged countries: Madagascar, India, Bangladesh, Cambodia, the Philippines, the Dominican Republic and Haiti.<\/p>\n<p>While the average increase in infant mortality across all of these countries was 11%, the impact of storms varied significantly from country to country. In Bangladesh, Haiti and the Dominican Republic, cyclones were followed by increases of more than 10 deaths per 1,000 births. In contrast, little to no increase in mortality was observed in India, the Philippines, Cambodia and Madagascar. The researchers say it remains unclear why some countries fare better than others. The differences may reflect varying levels of disaster preparedness, geographic vulnerability, or underlying public health conditions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome countries may be helped by mountains while others have more flood-prone areas,\u201d Wagner said. \u201cSome countries have better systems in place for evacuation efforts, or they may have sturdier housing while others rely on thatched roofs. And in some places, children may already be malnourished or in poor health from malaria and other diseases, which increases vulnerability.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Understanding the reasons behind the differences, Wagner says, will be a key focus of future research.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf we want to protect children from the growing threat of climate-linked disasters,\u201d he said, \u201cwe need to understand not just where risk is greatest, but why.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>About this study<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to Wagner and Wang, authors on the study include Renzhi Jing, Sam Heft-Neal and Eran Bendavid of Stanford University; Aaron Clark-Ginsberg of RAND; and Debarati Guha-Sapir of UC Louvain and Johns Hopkins University.<\/p>\n<p>This research was funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development under grant number R01HD104835.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  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not the culprits, but instead more obscure factors may be at play.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":24577,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,26,24],"tags":[64,66,60],"class_list":["post-24576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dornsife-global","category-health","category-social-impact","tag-center-for-economic-and-social-research","tag-climate-change","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Even weak tropical cyclones raise infant mortality in poorer countries, USC-led research finds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Study shows damaging storms take a major toll on the youngest citizens of low- and middle-income countries like Haiti and 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