{"id":20371,"date":"2024-06-12T18:21:54","date_gmt":"2024-06-13T01:21:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=20371"},"modified":"2024-06-17T14:26:50","modified_gmt":"2024-06-17T21:26:50","slug":"mixed-emotions-are-real","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mixed-emotions-are-real\/","title":{"rendered":"Are mixed emotions real? New research says yes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_top-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_top-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_top-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_top-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"Animated characters from the movie \"Inside Out\u201d are inside a colorful control room filled with illuminated orbs and whimsical gadgets, looking intently a larger pink character wearing a hoody.\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Individual emotions take turns guiding <em>Inside Out 2<\/em>\u2019s main character, Riley, but new research finds that if Riley were to have mixed emotions, the scene might be animated a bit differently. (Image: Courtesy of Disney.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=science-and-technology\">Science and Technology<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Are mixed emotions real? New research says yes<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  With help from a little movie magic, researchers reveal the unique brain activity of mixed emotions, verifying they are more than a figment of the mind.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Margaret Crable<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">June 12, 2024<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a 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class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>In Pixar\u2019s latest film, <em>Inside Out 2<\/em>, complex feelings like envy and embarrassment join the cast of characters. Nostalgia, however, is hurried out the door to cries of \u201ctoo early!\u201d when she appears.<\/p>\n<p>If animators wish to give nostalgia more consideration in a future film, new data from researchers at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences could guide them in determining how to animate this sort of \u201cmixed emotion.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>What\u2019s new: <\/strong>In a recent <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-abstract\/34\/4\/bhae122\/7639057\">study<\/a>, the USC Dornsife neuroscientists found that brains display distinct neural activity when experiencing emotions such as bittersweetness.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The advance could help solve a longstanding scientific debate: whether \u201cmixed emotions\u201d arise from unique activity in the brain, or if we\u2019re just flip-flopping back and forth between positive and negative feelings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Why it matters:<\/strong> Mixed emotions are a common experience, but they\u2019ve been understudied scientifically for several reasons.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Emotions are often thought to exist only on a spectrum from negative to positive.<\/li>\n<li>It\u2019s easier to study one feeling at a time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>In his words: <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s hard to evoke these complex emotions in a realistic way inside the lab,\u201d says Jonas Kaplan, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">associate professor (research) of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/psyc\/\">psychology<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and co-author of the study, published in the journal <em>Cerebral Cortex<\/em> in April.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"video-embed\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Science of Mixed Emotions: Are They Real?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IoVbd_dZYMk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Key findings: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mixed feelings elicited unique neural activity in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens areas of the brain.<\/li>\n<li>This activity was different than the brain activity seen when a subject reported a purely positive or negative emotion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>What else? <\/strong>The researchers could predict when someone was going to shift emotions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Particular regions of the brain, like the insular cortex, displayed significant changes as subjects reported an emotional transition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cNot only did we find brain activity that was correlated with mixed emotions, but we found that it held steady over time,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/profile\/anthony-vaccaro\/\">Anthony Vaccaro<\/a>, lead author of the study and a postdoctoral researcher at the <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/nestlab\/\">Neuroendocrinology of Social Ties Lab at USC Dornsife<\/a>. Vaccaro recently completed his PhD in psychology at USC Dornsife. \u201cYou\u2019re not ping-ponging between negative and positive. It\u2019s a very unique, mixed emotion over a long period.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20373\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20373\" style=\"width: 495px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-20373\" src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya-495x550.jpg\" alt=\"A series of violin plots and brain scans associated with a neuroscience study. The left section shows three rows of violin plots labeled Positive, Negative, and Mixed, representing data distributions for each emotion category. On the right, there are brain images highlighting specific areas of brain activity.\" width=\"495\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya-495x550.jpg 495w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya-922x1024.jpg 922w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya-768x853.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_instorya.jpg 980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 495px) 100vw, 495px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphs show consistent brain activity during positive, negative and mixed emotions, demonstrating that mixed emotions are distinct from other feelings. (Image: Jonas Kaplan.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>How they did it<\/strong>: As study subjects watched a poignant animated short film, researchers monitored their brain activity using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The researchers chose <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yWd4mzGqQYo\"><em>One Small Step<\/em><\/a> by TAIKO Studios for its ability to evoke simultaneous happy and sad feelings.<\/li>\n<li>After the first viewing, participants rewatched the video without MRI and indicated when they experienced positive, negative or mixed emotions. The researchers then compared these reports with the MRI imaging results.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Opportunity:<\/strong> The study lays out practical groundwork for future scientific research into this understudied phenomenon, research that Kaplan says would also be beneficial for understanding human psychology.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cThere\u2019s a certain sophistication that\u2019s required to sit with a mixed emotion and to allow yourself to feel positive and negative at the same time. Looking into that more, exploring the benefits of being able to accept positive and negativity at the same time within yourself, is something we think is worth study,\u201d he says.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What\u2019s next:<\/strong> Kaplan and Vaccaro will next look at how emotional reactions fluctuate in group settings, such as watching a movie together in a cinema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Related Stories\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/can-we-prevent-ai-from-acting-like-a-sociopath\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Can we prevent AI from acting like a sociopath?<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/in-memoriam-william-mcclure-scientist-developed-uscs-neurosciences-programs\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >In Memoriam: William McClure, scientist who developed USC\u2019s neurosciences programs<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/synapse-stability-governed-by-physical-signals-not-electrical\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Biologists discover neurons use physical signals \u2014 not electricity \u2014 to stabilize communication<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With help from a little movie magic, researchers reveal the unique brain activity of mixed emotions, verifying they are more than a figment of the mind.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":20372,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[113,106,112,60],"class_list":["post-20371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-technology","tag-brain","tag-neuroscience","tag-psychology","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Are mixed emotions real? New research says yes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers reveal the unique brain activity of mixed emotions, verifying they are more than a figment of the mind\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mixed-emotions-are-real\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Are mixed emotions real? New research says yes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers reveal the unique brain activity of mixed emotions, verifying they are more than a figment of the mind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mixed-emotions-are-real\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"USC Dornsife News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/uscdornsife\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-13T01:21:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-17T21:26:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/06\/mixed_emotions_kaplan_top.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1150\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Michael Liu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@uscdornsife\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@uscdornsife\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mixed-emotions-are-real\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/mixed-emotions-are-real\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Michael Liu\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/d03084ed5319ed7575c96017879a7447\"},\"headline\":\"Are mixed emotions real? 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