{"id":20044,"date":"2024-05-22T16:52:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-22T23:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=20044"},"modified":"2026-03-05T09:45:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T17:45:23","slug":"daily-temperature-variation-drives-health-inequality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/daily-temperature-variation-drives-health-inequality\/","title":{"rendered":"Study finds extreme temperature swings hit minority, low-income communities hardest"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                          \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Extreme_Temp_Top_2000x1150-768x432.jpeg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Extreme_Temp_Top_2000x1150-1920x1080.jpeg 1920w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Extreme_Temp_Top_2000x1150-1280x720.jpeg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Extreme_Temp_Top_2000x1150-768x432.jpeg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  role=\"none\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Urban communities with fewer trees and greenery experience larger daily temperature variation than those with more green space. (Composite: Letty Avila. Image Source: iStock.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=health\">Health<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Study finds extreme temperature swings hit minority, low-income communities hardest<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  New USC Dornsife research reveals that the nation\u2019s marginalized groups face greater health risks from daily temperature variations than wealthier white populations.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communications@dornsife.usc.edu\">Ileana Wachtel<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">May 22, 2024<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 4.0350274 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 \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Key findings:\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n      <ul>\n              <li><p>Large daily temperature swings are known to increase risk of mortality and morbidity.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>Satellite data shows that 24-hour temperature swings are more extreme in minority and low-income communities than in affluent white communities across all 50 states.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>Black and brown communities can be exposed to daily temperature variations that are as much as 21% greater than those impacting white communities.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>Low-income populations can see temperature fluctuations that are up to 17% greater than those seen by higher-income populations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>The built environment, particularly in urban areas with fewer parks and urban trees and no proximity to bodies of water, drives wider daily temperature fluctuations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9363288\/#:~:text=Multiple%20studies%20of%20heat%2C%20extreme,is%20not%20always%20the%20case.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Multiple studies<\/a> show that low-income and minority communities bear the brunt of climate change. A new <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pnasnexus\/article\/3\/5\/pgae176\/7674967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> by researchers at the USC Dornsife College of Letters Arts and Sciences now sheds light on another climate-related risk: daily temperature variation (DTV) and how it contributes to health inequalities in the U.S.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainability.usc.edu\/assignment-earth\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-16067\" src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-150x150.png\" alt=\"On a gold background, &quot;Asgmt Earth&quot; appears inside a black circle and &quot;USC&quot; inside a small, white circle that slightly overlaps the black circle.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-320x320.png 320w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric.png 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Previous research has linked large temperature swings throughout each 24-hour day to increased risk of illness and death \u2014 especially among the elderly and young children \u2014 as the body experiences stress due to rapid temperature changes that impact cardiovascular and respiratory health.<\/p>\n<p>However, the effect of DTV on health inequality is less understood, particularly in the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>Using satellite data, the USC Dornsife team found that minority and low-income communities experienced greater DTV than white communities across all 50 states.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn general, scientists and researchers give a lot of attention to rising temperatures, heat waves and what\u2019s called the \u2018heat island effect,\u2019 but not much attention has been paid to the fluctuation of temperature throughout a day,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/spatial\/profile\/emily-smith-greenaway\/\">Emily Smith-Greenaway<\/a>, professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/soci\/\">sociology<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/spatial\/\">spatial sciences<\/a> at USC Dornsife. \u201cOur foundational work provides a broad stroke, a descriptive portrait, that touches on a new area of climate science emphasizing how erratic temperature can be, who it impacts the most, and how.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The study, published May 21 in <em>PNAS Nexus, <\/em>examined three sociodemographic characteristics \u2014 race and ethnicity, income and age \u2014 to determine which populations in all 50 states and the District of Columbia are most vulnerable to large DTV.<\/p>\n<h2>Daily temperature variations impact some more than others<\/h2>\n<p>The researchers found that densely populated regions with limited green spaces, poor urban tree canopies and fewer bodies of water \u2014 areas which are often home to marginalized communities \u2014 had greater swings in temperature on average.<\/p>\n<p>Co-author <a href=\"https:\/\/spatial.usc.edu\/team-view\/shengjie-liu\/\">Shengjie Liu<\/a>, a PhD candidate at USC Dornsife\u2019s Spatial Sciences Institute and Smith-Greenaway found that in 10 states \u2014 California, Texas, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Washington, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island \u2014 Black communities experience temperature variations from 1.7 to 5.4 degrees Fahrenheit (0.93 to 3.01 degrees Celsius) greater than those in white communities, a difference of 7% to 21%.<\/p>\n<p>This means Black and brown communities endure hotter temperatures at the hottest times of the day and colder temperatures during the coldest times, Liu explained.<\/p>\n<p>The study also showed that people earning $15,000 per year or less experience daily temperature changes between 1% and 17% greater than those earning $200,000 per year or more.<\/p>\n<p>The threat posed by temperature variations to these underrepresented communities is greater than the threat of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/green-infrastructure\/reduce-urban-heat-island-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heat islands<\/a>, urbanized areas with higher temperatures than surrounding areas.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe need for targeted mitigation strategies beyond those aimed at addressing heat waves must be factored into urban design to minimize wild temperature fluctuations,\u201d Liu said.<\/p>\n<h2>A new effect of structural racism<\/h2>\n<p>Smith-Greenaway says the study findings reveal another way segregation, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalreservehistory.org\/essays\/redlining\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">redlining<\/a> and other forms of structural racism continue to harm marginalized communities. \u201cBasically, we have a situation where, in any given city, the Black and brown populations are disproportionately living in the least favorable census tracts,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>Rhode Island, for example, stood out as having the largest temperature variations from day to night. Providence, the state\u2019s most populous city with the highest concentration of non-whites, had the largest DTV exposure. It also has the smallest green space infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis inequality in the built urban environment can be understood as a legacy of structural racism that undergirds persistent neighborhood segregation and housing that has led to inequalities in access to climatically healthy neighborhoods,\u201d Smith-Greenaway said. \u201cHistorical redlining has led to racial and ethnic minorities living in areas with less green space, while white populations have occupied prime suburbs with better access since the 1950s,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<h2>Zooming in on DTV<\/h2>\n<p>For the current study, Liu and Smith-Greenaway worked with existing satellite data that provides daily observations at a one-square-kilometer spatial resolution, capturing the big picture over the entire U.S.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers plan to work with higher-resolution data in the future, hoping they can reveal greater insights into how DTV affects communities at the neighborhood level.<\/p>\n<p>Their work could provide data to help policymakers, city planners, developers and other officials design solutions to decrease temperature swings and reduce the threat to citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Related Articles\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/usc-dornsife-graduate-wins-us-innovation-competition-heads-to-world-final\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >USC Dornsife graduate wins US innovation competition, heads to world final<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/computational-linguistics-student-finds-love-of-language-and-ai-safety-at-usc-dornsife\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Love of language and community \u2014 and AI safety \u2014 fuel graduating senior\u2019s USC Dornsife experience<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/ai-may-promote-cultural-homogenization\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >AI is changing more than your writing \u2014 it may be shaping your worldview<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New USC Dornsife-led research reveals that the nation\u2019s marginalized groups face greater health risks from daily temperature variations than wealthier white populations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":20047,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,24],"tags":[77,1919,60,1917,95,90,1922,1584],"class_list":["post-20044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-social-impact","tag-diversity-equity-and-inclusion","tag-enviornment","tag-research","tag-soci","tag-social-sciences","tag-sociology","tag-ssi","tag-usc-spatial-sciences-institute"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Study finds extreme temperature swings hit minority, low-income communities hardest<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Minority and low-income U.S. communities face greater health risks from daily temperature swings than wealthier white populations: USC Dornsife study\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/daily-temperature-variation-drives-health-inequality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Daily temperature variation hits marginalized communities most\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Minority and low-income U.S. communities face greater health risks from daily temperature swings than wealthier white populations: USC Dornsife study\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/daily-temperature-variation-drives-health-inequality\/\" \/>\n<meta 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