{"id":19872,"date":"2024-05-16T14:33:38","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T21:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=19872"},"modified":"2024-07-10T18:52:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-11T01:52:13","slug":"rule-of-biology-centered-on-instability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/rule-of-biology-centered-on-instability\/","title":{"rendered":"A new \u2018rule of biology\u2019 may have come to light, expanding insight into evolution and aging"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                          \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Tower-SAI_top-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Tower-SAI_top-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/05\/Tower-SAI_top-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"A pixelated pair of squares demonstrate beneficial instability, possibly key to a new rule of biology.\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  In this computer simulation of a self-replicating structure, the pink square represents the signal to degrade the connection between the \u201cparent\u201d structure (left) and its \u201coffspring\u201d (right). This degradation is an example of a beneficial instability in biological structures. (Image: Courtesy of John Tower.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=science-and-technology\">Science and Technology<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>A new \u2018rule of biology\u2019 may have come to light, expanding insight into evolution and aging<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Living things usually prefer stability to conserve energy and resources, but instability might also play a vital role, says USC Dornsife molecular biologist John Tower.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Darrin S. Joy<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">May 16, 2024<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 4.0350274 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m8.14285714 9.42857143c-.17142857 0-.34285714 0-.51428571.08571428l7.28571427 6.34285719c.3428572.2571428.6857143.2571428.9428572 0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>A molecular biologist at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences may have found a new \u201crule of biology.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A rule of biology, sometimes called a biological law, describes a recognized pattern or truism among living organisms. Allen\u2019s rule, for example, states that among warm-blooded animals, those found in colder areas have shorter, thicker limbs (to conserve body heat) than those in hotter regions, which need more body surface area to dissipate heat.<\/p>\n<p>Zoologist Joel Allen formulated this idea in 1877, and though he wasn\u2019t the first or the last to present a rule of biology, his is one of just a handful to gain acceptance among scientists.<\/p>\n<p>Now, <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/profile\/john-tower\/\">John Tower<\/a>, professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/bisc\/\">biological sciences<\/a> at USC Dornsife, believes he has uncovered another rule of biology. He published <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fragi.2024.1376060\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his idea<\/a> on May 16 in the journal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fragi.2024.1376060\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Frontiers in Aging<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Possible rule of biology: Instability helps life<\/h2>\n<p>Tower\u2019s rule challenges long-held notions that most living organisms prefer stability over instability because stability requires less energy and fewer resources. For instance, hexagons appear frequently in nature \u2014 think honeycomb and insect eyes \u2014 because they are stable and require the least amount of material to cover a surface.<\/p>\n<p>Tower centers his rule of biology on instability, specifically a concept called \u201cselectively advantageous instability,\u201d or SAI, in which some volatility in biological components, such as proteins and genetic material, provides an advantage to cells.<\/p>\n<p>Tower believes SAI is a fundamental part of biology. \u201cEven the simplest cells contain proteases and nucleases and regularly degrade and replace their proteins and RNAs, indicating that SAI is essential for life,\u201d he explains.<\/p>\n<p>He says SAI also plays a key role in evolution.<\/p>\n<p>As cells go about their business, building and degrading various unstable components, he explains, they will exist in one of two states \u2014 one state with an unstable component present and one state in which the unstable component is absent.<\/p>\n<p>Natural selection may act differently on the two cell states. \u201cThis can favor the maintenance of both a normal gene and a gene mutation in the same cell population, if the normal gene is favorable in one cell state and the gene mutation is favorable in the other cell state,\u201d he says. Allowing this genetic diversity can make cells and organisms more adaptable.<\/p>\n<h2>Possible rule of biology points to root of aging \u2014 and more<\/h2>\n<p>Selectively advantageous instability may also contribute to aging. Creating and then replacing the unstable component within cells comes at the cost of materials and energy. Breaking it down may also require additional energy.<\/p>\n<p>Also, since SAI sets up two potential states for a cell, allowing normal and mutated genes to co-exist, if the mutated gene is harmful, this may contribute to aging, Tower says.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to evolution and aging, SAI has other far-reaching implications.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cScience has been fascinated lately with concepts such as <a href=\"https:\/\/fractalfoundation.org\/resources\/what-is-chaos-theory\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chaos theory<\/a>, criticality, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2011\/02\/turing-patterns\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Turing patterns<\/a> and \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/rheumatology-bloomsbury\/research\/jonathan-edwards\/publications\/conscpropcells\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cellular consciousness<\/a>,\u2019 says Tower. \u201cResearch in the field suggests that SAI plays an important role in producing each of these phenomena.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Because of its apparent ubiquity in biology and its far-reaching implications, SAI may be the newest rule of biology, he says.<\/p>\n<h2>About the research<\/h2>\n<p>The research was supported by National Institute on Aging grant R01AG057741.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Related Articles\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/childhood-illness-drives-usc-dornsife-graduates-pursuit-of-medicine\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >How early health challenges fueled two graduating seniors\u2019 passion for medicine<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/dexter-holland-the-offspring-usc-dornsife-commencement-speaker-2026\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Dexter Holland, frontman for rock band The Offspring, to deliver USC Dornsife commencement address<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/sar11-one-of-earths-most-abundant-organisms-surprisingly-fragile\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >One of Earth\u2019s most abundant organisms is surprisingly fragile<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Living things usually prefer stability to conserve energy and resources, but instability might also play a vital role, says USC Dornsife molecular biologist John Tower.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":19873,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,16],"tags":[614,88,1920,616,60],"class_list":["post-19872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","category-science-and-technology","tag-aging","tag-biological-sciences","tag-bisc","tag-molecular-biology","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A new \u2018rule of biology\u2019 may have come to light, expanding insight into evolution and aging<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Living things enjoy the benefits of stability, but a USC Dornsife professor suggests a new rule of biology centered on the opposite\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/rule-of-biology-centered-on-instability\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New rule of biology? 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