{"id":18525,"date":"2024-02-12T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-12T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=18525"},"modified":"2024-10-03T17:18:09","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T00:18:09","slug":"pay-to-stay-prison-policy-captive-money-lab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/pay-to-stay-prison-policy-captive-money-lab\/","title":{"rendered":"Unveiling hidden injustice: The truth behind \u2018pay-to-stay\u2019 prison policies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                          \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/02\/Captive-Money-Lab_Top-768x432.png\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/02\/Captive-Money-Lab_Top-1920x1080.png 1920w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/02\/Captive-Money-Lab_Top-1280x720.png 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/02\/Captive-Money-Lab_Top-768x432.png 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"A pair of handcuffs sits atop U.S. currency, with one handcuff encircling Benjamin Franklin's face on a $100 bill\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  The political economy of punishment is the focus of research co-led by USC Dornsife sociologist Brittany Friedman. (Image source: iStock.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=social-impact\">Social Impact<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Unveiling hidden injustice: The truth behind \u2018pay-to-stay\u2019 prison policies<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  USC Dornsife sociologist delves into the controversial world of pay-to-stay statutes, exposing the financial and societal implications for millions of incarcerated individuals, boosted by a $1.5 million grant from Arnold Ventures.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Daniel P. Smith<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">February 12, 2024<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 1.058837-1.68841575 2.518315-1.68841575 4.0350275 0 1.5167124.60096154 2.9475732 1.68841575 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m8.14285714 9.42857143c-.17142857 0-.34285714 0-.51428571.08571428l7.28571427 6.34285719c.3428572.2571428.6857143.2571428.9428572 0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>College students aren\u2019t the only ones facing room and board charges.<\/p>\n<p>So-called \u201cpay-to-stay\u201d statutes administered by city, county and state governments across the United States leave millions of incarcerated individuals \u2014 both past and present \u2014 subject to the partial or total cost of their imprisonment.<\/p>\n<p>Sociologist <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/profile\/brittany-friedman\/\">Brittany Friedman<\/a> at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences is examining this often overlooked, long understudied issue. She says it\u2019s a controversial practice that contributes to widening inequalities in American society.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe average person in the U.S. could not afford a pay-to-stay bill, let alone an incarcerated person who is sued by a state attorney general,\u201d says Friedman, assistant professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/soci\/\">sociology<\/a> at USC Dornsife, adding that the bill often approaches six-figure amounts. And because these are civil suits, defendants are not entitled to an attorney.<\/p>\n<p>Earlier this year, Friedman and two of her longtime collaborators, April D. Fernandes of North Carolina State University and Gabriela Kirk-Werner of Syracuse University, received $1.5 million from the nonprofit Arnold Ventures to launch the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.captivemoneylab.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Captive Money Lab<\/a>. The five-year funding pledge supports the research lab\u2019s mission to advance research, policy and advocacy around the political economy of punishment, the links between the prison system, politics and state finances.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Understanding pay-to-stay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Friedman first became interested in pay-to-stay policies in 2016 as a graduate student at Northwestern University when she discovered a little-known Illinois statute allowing the state\u2019s attorney general to sue incarcerated people for their prison stay. She submitted a Freedom of Information Act request asking for records on the practice and, intrigued by what she found, recruited two fellow graduate students \u2014 Fernandes and Kirk-Werner \u2014 to launch the first in-depth study of states\u2019 pay-to-stay policies, specifically the use of civil lawsuits to recoup money.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe found that states largely enforce pay-to-stay unevenly, often imposing these laws amid financial turmoil as a means to boost the state\u2019s balance sheet,\u201d said Kirk-Werner.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers witnessed cash-strapped states using pay-to-stay laws, a practice first employed during the Great Depression, to seize stimulus checks amid the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cStates increase their reliance on these laws at will, most likely when prompted by financial hardships and budget shortfalls,\u201d Fernandes explains. \u201cSo incarcerated people could be subject to the seizure and collection efforts of the state through pay-to-stay.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And when using civil lawsuits to recoup money, states effectively limit protections for defendants by freezing assets, impacting their ability to find legal representation and to appeal.<\/p>\n<p>Civil lawsuits also increase the potential length of time incarcerated defendants can be subject to collection efforts. Some states extend the pay-to-stay collection period as much as 20 years beyond an individual\u2019s release.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s a financial impact to these policies, of course, but also a psychological impact,\u201d says Da\u2019ee McKnight of Family ReEntry, a Connecticut-based organization advocating for criminal justice reforms. \u201cEven after their release, people don\u2019t feel they can start over with these policies hovering over their heads.\u201d McKnight and his Family ReEntry colleague Fred Hodges were part of a coalition that in 2022 advocated for the repeal of pay-to-stay in Connecticut, which ended with a partial rollback of the practice.<\/p>\n<p>The Captive Money Lab researchers submitted written testimony summarizing their research to Connecticut lawmakers during that 2022 repeal debate and penned a related article published in the <em>Washington Post<\/em>. Their detailed work on monetary sanctions earned publication in academic outlets such as <em>Sociological Forum<\/em> and the <em>Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice<\/em>, garnered further national media attention and, ultimately, captured the attention and support of Arnold Ventures, a philanthropy that supports policy\u00a0research projects addressing inequities and injustices in American society.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Finding solutions to pay-to-stay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As Friedman and her colleagues studied the pay-to-stay issue, they began to see it as a solvable problem centered on access to justice. Now, fueled by Arnold Ventures\u2019 support, the newly formed Captive Money Lab will expand their national study of state pay-to-stay practices and recoupment strategies.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers will also investigate the impact pay-to-stay policies have on incarcerated individuals and their families. This includes reentry into society, familial connections and the larger consequences for families to build wealth from generation to generation, particularly for Black and Latino communities, which make up the majority of those incarcerated in U.S. prisons.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, the Captive Money Lab plans to conduct a detailed fiscal analysis of the economic costs and benefits of pay-to-stay policies, including if the funds obtained from incarcerated individuals outweigh the costs of state agencies trying to recoup the funds.<\/p>\n<p>To stimulate awareness, discussion and more informed decision-making, the Captive Money Lab has partnered with Hyperobjekt, a digital agency specializing in academic and nonprofit public interest projects, to build a website housing the lab\u2019s public-facing data, policy briefs and academic papers.<\/p>\n<p>As nearly every state has a pay-to-stay statute on its books, Friedman says it\u2019s important to consider the various dimensions of these measures, which can apply to as many as 1 million individuals currently incarcerated in state prisons.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShould we seize the assets of people and their families and prevent them from starting over on top of having them serve their time in prison?\u201d Friedman asks. \u201cAdditionally, should we exhaust taxpayer money on civil lawsuits to recoup pay-to-stay bills that people can never afford to pay?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Through the Captive Money Lab, Friedman, Kirk and Fernandes hope to find answers to these and other pressing questions.<\/p>\n<p>More information about the Captive Money Lab is available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.captivemoneylab.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">captivemoneylab.org<\/a> and on social media: @CaptiveMoneyLab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component 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finances.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":18528,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,24],"tags":[60,1917,95,90],"class_list":["post-18525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","category-social-impact","tag-research","tag-soci","tag-social-sciences","tag-sociology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Unveiling hidden injustice: The truth behind \u2018pay-to-stay\u2019 prison policies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"USC Dornsife sociologist analyzes the relationship between the prison system, politics and state finances, and pay-to-stay prison policies\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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