{"id":1664,"date":"2021-05-14T10:09:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-14T17:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/using-captured-co%e2%82%82-in-everyday-products-could-help-fight-climate-change-but-will-consumers-want-them\/"},"modified":"2023-04-19T11:01:53","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T18:01:53","slug":"carbon-dioxide-to-create-products","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/carbon-dioxide-to-create-products\/","title":{"rendered":"Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n            \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3480-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3480-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Carbon capture and utilization is the process of capturing carbon dioxide emissions and repurposing it to make products. (Photo: iStock\/ FotografiaBasica.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=sustainability\">Sustainability<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Capturing carbon dioxide emissions helps slow climate change, and the captured CO2 could be used as materials for consumer goods. But is the public ready to accept those goods? <strong>[5\u00bd min read]<\/strong>\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Lucca Henrion, Joe \u00c1rvai, Lauren Lutzke, Volker Sick<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">May 14, 2021<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n  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rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"E-mail\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_print\">\n              <svg height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 12\" width=\"18\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m8.14285714 9.42857143c-.17142857 0-.34285714 0-.51428571.08571428l7.28571427 6.34285719c.3428572.2571428.6857143.2571428.9428572 0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n  \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>Would you drink carbonated beverages made with carbon dioxide captured from the smokestack of a factory or power plant?<\/p>\n<p>How would you feel if that captured carbon dioxide were in your child&rsquo;s toys, or in the concrete under your house?<\/p>\n<p>The technology to capture climate-warming carbon dioxide emissions from smokestacks, and even from the air around us, already exists; so too does the technology to use this carbon dioxide to make products like plastics, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/bendable-concrete-and-other-co2-infused-cement-mixes-could-dramatically-cut-global-emissions-152544\" target=\"_blank\">concrete<\/a>, carbonated drinks and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lanzatech.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">fuel for aircraft and automobiles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>That combination &ndash; known as carbon capture and utilization &ndash; could take up <a href=\"https:\/\/deepblue.lib.umich.edu\/handle\/2027.42\/150624\" target=\"_blank\">billions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions<\/a> if the technologies were adopted across a range of sectors worldwide.<\/p>\n<p>But for that to happen, the public will have to accept these new products. Will they? That&rsquo;s a question we have been exploring <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=7SBLujMAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\" target=\"_blank\">as engineers<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=EcnJeAsAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\" target=\"_blank\">who work on carbon capture technologies<\/a> and as <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=14vWTQcAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\" target=\"_blank\">social<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=oNPz5m0AAAAJ&amp;hl=en\" target=\"_blank\">psychologists<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>One key to success: CCU adds economic value<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Studies show that to stabilize the climate by 2050, the world will have to do more than just stop greenhouse emissions. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/news\/2021\/03\/science-academies-of-g-7-nations-call-for-action-to-reach-net-zero-emissions-reverse-declines-in-biodiversity-and-improve-data-sharing-to-prepare-for-future-health-emergencies\" target=\"_blank\">It also will have to remove huge amounts<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/sr15\/chapter\/spm\/\" target=\"_blank\">of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere<\/a>. Trees, soils and oceans naturally store some carbon dioxide, but human activities produce <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1710465114\" target=\"_blank\">about five times<\/a> more than nature can handle.<\/p>\n<p>That&rsquo;s why technologies that can reuse carbon dioxide to avoid fossil fuel use &ndash; or even better, lock it away in long-lived products like cement &ndash; are essential.<\/p>\n<p>The key to carbon capture and utilitization&rsquo;s potential is that these products have economic value. That value can give companies the incentive to deploy the technology at the global scale necessary to slow climate change.<\/p>\n<div class=\"news-image-landscape news-image-right\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg\" alt=\"A photo of a factory.\"><\/p>\n<p>Carbon capture technology is used to stop emissions at the source, particularly in industries like steel and cement production that have high emissions. (Photo: Courtesy of Svante.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Carbon capture technology itself isn&rsquo;t new. Initially, captured carbon dioxide was used to force oil and gas out of old wells. Once emissions are captured, typically from an industrial smokestack via a complex chemical filter, they can be pumped deep underground and stored in depleted oil reservoirs or porous rock formations. That keeps the carbon dioxide from reaching the atmosphere, where it can contribute to climate change.<\/p>\n<p>But storing carbon dioxide in the ground doesn&rsquo;t create a new product. The absence of an economic return &ndash; <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijggc.2014.03.007\" target=\"_blank\">coupled with concerns about storing carbon dioxide underground<\/a> have slowed the adoption of the technology in most countries.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How do people feel about carbon dioxide-based products?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For many products made with captured carbon dioxide, success will depend on whether the public accepts them.<\/p>\n<p>Two of us recently conducted <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-021-03110-3\" target=\"_blank\">one of the first large-scale studies<\/a> to examine public perception of carbon dioxide-based products in the U.S. to find out. We asked over 2,000 survey participants if they would be willing to consume or use various carbon dioxide-based products, including carbonated beverages, plastic food storage containers, furniture made with foam or plastic, and shatterproof glass.<\/p>\n<p>We found that most people knew little about carbon capture and use. However, 69% were open to the idea after learning how it worked and how it helped reduce the emissions contributing to climate change.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"soRKb\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/soRKb\/3\/\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div class=\"news-image-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png\" alt=\"An illustration showing Burning Fossil Fuels leading to CO2 Capture from the air and CO2 captured at smoke stack then going to CO2 transported to production facility which finially leads to CO2 used to create products.\"><\/p>\n<p>Participants in the survey were shown illustrations explaining carbon dixoide-based products. (Illustration: Lauren Lutzke\/University of Southern California.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>There was one exception when we asked about different types of products people might be willing to use: Fewer people &ndash; only 56% &ndash; were open to the idea of using captured carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages.<\/p>\n<p>Safety was a concern for many people in the survey. One-third didn&rsquo;t know if these products might pose a health risk, and others thought they would. It&rsquo;s important to understand that products made with captured carbon dioxide are subject to the same <a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfcfr\/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1240\" target=\"_blank\">safety regulations<\/a> as traditional materials used in food and consumer products. This includes filtering out unwanted pollutants in the flue gas before using the carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages or plastics.<\/p>\n<p>When carbon dioxide is used as a raw material, it becomes chemically stable once it is used to create a product, meaning carbon dixoide used to create plastic will not turn back into a gas on its own.<\/p>\n<p>What people may not realize is that the majority of carbon dioxide currently used nationwide is already a fossil fuel byproduct from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/rrapier\/2020\/06\/06\/estimating-the-carbon-footprint-of-hydrogen-production\/?sh=517d415f24bd\" target=\"_blank\">steam-methane reforming process<\/a>. This carbon dioxide is used widely for purposes that include making dry ice, performing certain medical procedures and carbonating your favorite soda.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, we found that people were open to using these products, and that trend crossed all ages, levels of education and political ideologies.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ImbHl\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ImbHl\/4\/\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"100%\" height=\"300px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Carbon capture and use already has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thirdway.org\/memo\/getting-serious-about-direct-air-capture\" target=\"_blank\">bipartisan support<\/a> in Washington, and the Department of Energy is funding research in carbon management. Bipartisan consumer support could quickly expand its use, creating another way to keep carbon emissions out of the air.<\/p>\n<p>Over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalco2initiative.org\/evaluation\/\" target=\"_blank\">77 million tons of carbon dioxide<\/a> was captured worldwide in 2020, but use of that carbon dioxide lags behind. One use that is quickly expanding is <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/bendable-concrete-and-other-co2-infused-cement-mixes-could-dramatically-cut-global-emissions-152544\" target=\"_blank\">using carbon dioxide to cure, or harden, concrete<\/a>. A company called CarbonCure, for example, has permanently stored over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carboncure.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">90,000 tons<\/a> of captured carbon dioxide in concrete to date.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lanzatech.com\/2021\/04\/21\/unilever-lanzatech-and-india-glycols-ltd-launch-worlds-first-laundry-capsule-in-market-made-from-industrial-carbon-emissions\/\" target=\"_blank\">Unilever and partners<\/a> piloted replacing fossil-based ethanol with carbon dioxide-based ethanol for manufacturing laundry detergent, significantly reducing the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/286234884_Life_Cycle_Assessments_of_LanzaTech_Ethanol_Production_Anticipated_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_for_Cellulosic_and_Waste_Gas_Feedstocks\" target=\"_blank\">associated ethanol emissions<\/a>. Both are cost-competitive methods to capture and use carbon dioxide, and they demonstrate why carbon capture and use could be the most market-friendly way to remove carbon dioxide on a large scale.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How innovators can improve public perception<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Some emerging technologies could help address the perceived risks of ingesting carbon captured from industrial emissions.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a Coca-Cola subsidiary is piloting a project in which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenbiz.com\/article\/coca-cola-bottler-experiments-turning-emissions-effervescence\" target=\"_blank\">carbon dioxide is captured directly from ambient air using direct air carbon capture technology<\/a> and then used in drinks. Although it&rsquo;s currently expensive, the costs of direct air carbon capture are expected to fall as it is used more widely, and its use could reduce people&rsquo;s concerns about health risks.<\/p>\n<p>The most important steps may be educating the public about the process and the value of carbon dioxide-based products. Companies can alleviate concerns by being open about how they use carbon dioxide, why their products are safe and the benefits they hold for the climate.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/158683\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\"><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lucca-henrion-1143904\">Lucca Henrion<\/a>, Research Fellow at the Global CO2 Initiative, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/joe-arvai-170276\">Joe &Aacute;rvai<\/a>, Dana and David Dornsife Professor of Psychology and Director of the Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lauren-lutzke-1223878\">Lauren Lutzke<\/a>, PhD student, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/volker-sick-1198971\" target=\"_blank\">Volker Sick<\/a>, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor; DTE Energy Professor of Advanced Energy Research; and Director, Global CO2 Initiative, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\" target=\"_blank\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/using-captured-co-in-everyday-products-could-help-fight-climate-change-but-will-consumers-want-them-158683\" target=\"_blank\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Capturing carbon dioxide emissions helps slow climate change, and the captured CO2 could be used as materials for consumer goods. But is the public ready to accept those goods? <strong>[5\u00bd min read]<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":1667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[66,83],"class_list":["post-1664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sustainability","tag-climate-change","tag-the-conversation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/carbon-dioxide-to-create-products\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Capturing carbon dioxide emissions helps slow climate change, and the captured CO2 could be used as materials for consumer goods. 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