{"id":15579,"date":"2023-06-06T12:56:13","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T19:56:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/?p=15579"},"modified":"2023-08-10T18:12:44","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T01:12:44","slug":"historic-journey-of-the-mung-bean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/historic-journey-of-the-mung-bean\/","title":{"rendered":"The humble mung bean has a new trick up its sleeve: besting climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                          \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_top-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_top-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_top-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_top-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  role=\"none\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Mung beans have genetic variants that may help agricultural crops overcome the impact of climate change, which could prove to be a game-changer in Southeast Asia. (Composite: Letty Avila; Image Source: iStock.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=science-and-technology\">Science and Technology<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>The humble mung bean has a new trick up its sleeve: besting climate change<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  The utility player in your tastiest Thai and Vietnamese desserts as well as vegan recipes, this ancient, nutritious protein source has USC Dornsife genomics researchers focused on two variants that could help crop breeders cope with climate change.\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Ileana Wachtel<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">June 6, 2023<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 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c--article-highlights\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Key facts:\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n      <ul>\n              <li><p>The humble mung bean has sustained civilizations for more than 4,500 years during its cultivation across Asia.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>USC Dornsife researchers discovered a distinct cultivation path, revealing influential factors in the crop\u2019s expansion.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>Two distinct variants of mung bean were identified: One thrives in short growing seasons and extreme heat while the other exhibits drought tolerance.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n              <li><p>These findings offer crop breeders \u2014 and the millions of people who rely on this food supply \u2014 a future in the face of climate change projections.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p data-wp-editing=\"1\">The mung bean, commonly known as green gram, has played a pivotal role as a cheap protein source in regions where access to meat is limited. Spanning 4,500 years, the cultivation of this humble legume has sustained civilizations throughout history.<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainability.usc.edu\/assignment-earth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-16067 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-150x150.png\" alt=\"On a gold background, &quot;Asgmt Earth&quot; appears inside a black circle and &quot;USC&quot; inside a small, white circle that slightly overlaps the black circle.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric-320x320.png 320w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/07\/AE_News-Rubric.png 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>While its migration routes and cultivation expansion have been a mystery, a new study by researchers at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences that was published in <a href=\"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/85725\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eLife<\/a> reveals insights into the circuitous odyssey of this resilient crop.<\/p>\n<p>The study, co-led by <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/profile\/sergey-nuzhdin\/\">Sergey Nuzhdin<\/a>, professor of biological sciences at USC Dornsife, employed cutting-edge genomic techniques to trace the evolutionary trajectory of the mung bean. The team analyzed mung bean seeds from three global seed banks, including the Australian Diversity Panel, the <a href=\"https:\/\/avrdc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Vegetable Center<\/a> in Taiwan and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/places\/vavilov-research-institute-of-plant-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry<\/a> in Russia.<\/p>\n<p>The research unveiled a distinctive path of cultivation and shed light on the factors influencing its expansion.<\/p>\n<p>Contrary to previous assumptions \u2014 based on the geographical proximity between South and Central Asia \u2014 genetic evidence suggests that the mung bean first spread from South Asia to Southeast Asia, and then finally reached Central Asia, including Western China, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Iran and Russia.<\/p>\n<h3>Adapting to climate<\/h3>\n<p>Nuzhdin and his team of international scientists used an interdisciplinary approach that looked at population information, environmental conditions, empirical field and laboratory investigation, and historical records from ancient Chinese sources. Through this analysis, they discovered that divergent climatic conditions and farming practices across Asia shaped the mung bean\u2019s unique trajectory, not deliberate human cultivation choices.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15587\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15587\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15587\" src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_instoryb-500x322.jpg\" alt=\"Neatly planted rows of crops.\" width=\"500\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_instoryb-500x322.jpg 500w, https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/06\/mungbeans_instoryb.jpg 630w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15587\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">World Vegetable Center in Taiwan tests genetic materials to cultivate and breed mung beans. (Photo: Courtesy of World Vegetable Center, Taiwan.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Nuzhdin was surprised that the evolution was not solely driven by human activity through domestication but instead was intricately intertwined with the mung bean\u2019s adaptation to diverse climates encountered throughout its journey.<\/p>\n<p>What the research unraveled was the existence of two distinct adaptations of the mung bean, each favored in specific geographic locations.<\/p>\n<p>The southern variant, originating in South Asia before 1077 CE, is characterized by larger seeds, favoring higher yields in regions with scorching climates.<\/p>\n<p>In contrast, the northern variant, originating in northern China around 544 CE, exhibited drought tolerance and a short vegetative period during the summer planting season.<\/p>\n<p>The mung bean later spread to the rest of China and Southeast Asia including Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam and Taiwan.<\/p>\n<h3>Genetic variations<\/h3>\n<p>While the study\u2019s historical revelations are compelling in their own right, their implications have relevance to new ways of breeding crops. The mung bean\u2019s genetic makeup, including its short growing season and resilience to extreme heat, hold significant potential for mitigating the impact of climate change on agriculture. Particularly in Southeast Asia, where prolonged heat waves and the severity and impact of flooding threaten valuable agricultural areas, these genetic variants could prove to be a game-changer in the face of climate change.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur findings offer a critical roadmap for breeders aiming to enhance mung bean production in the face of climate change predictions, especially in the southern regions. This fundamental research holds immense importance in guiding the selection of genetic materials for breeding programs,\u201d Nuzhdin said.<\/p>\n<h3>About the study:<\/h3>\n<p>The USC components for the study, \u201cEnvironment as a limiting factor of the historical global spread of mung bean,\u201d were funded by the United States Agency for International Development and the Zumberge Foundation. Funding was also provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research; the strategic long-term donors to the World Vegetable Center; The Republic of China (Taiwan); the UK government; Germany; Thailand; Philippines; Korea; and Japan. The Russian Scientific Fund Project and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation also contributed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--section-title\">\n\n    \n  <h2>\n          Related News:\n      <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/genomic-reference-dna-affects-genetic-research-results\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >Want to save an endangered species? Start with the right DNA blueprint<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/biological-aging-twin-study-linking-childhood-to-midlife-cognition\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >What your DNA \u2013 and childhood \u2013 reveal about midlife decrease in IQ<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/protein-droplets-protect-heterochromatin-from-dna-repair-errors\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >USC Dornsife study reveals how protein droplets help cells master difficult DNA repair<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The mung bean, a historic staple food, has provided cheap and nutritious protein for millions across continents for millennia. Researchers at USC Dornsife are using genomic testing to uncover two game-changing variants for crop breeders in the face of climate change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":15590,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,15],"tags":[117,116,96,60],"class_list":["post-15579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-technology","category-sustainability","tag-biology","tag-genetics-and-genomics","tag-natural-sciences","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The humble mung bean has a new trick up its sleeve: besting climate change<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers at USC Dornsife are using genomic testing to uncover two game-changing 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