{"id":1512,"date":"2021-07-28T08:57:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T15:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/a-groups-moral-values-may-help-determine-the-likelihood-of-hate-motivated-acts\/"},"modified":"2026-06-28T21:52:38","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T04:52:38","slug":"moral-values-hate-bigotry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/moral-values-hate-bigotry\/","title":{"rendered":"A group\u2019s moral values may help determine the likelihood of hate-motivated acts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n                                          \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--image\">\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n              \n      <img\n                            data-src=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3518-768x432.jpg\"\n          data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/04\/story-3518-768x432.jpg 768w\"          data-sizes=\"(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw\"          class=\"lazyload\"\n        \n                  alt=\"A group\u2019s moral values may help determine the likelihood of hate-motivated acts\"\n        \n        \n                                      \/>\n\n    \n    \n  \n  \n\n<\/div>\n  \n      <div class=\"image-caption\">\n          \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  <em>Conflict<\/em> by Walter Quirt, 1935. Research shows that values related to group preservation can help determine the prevalence of hate groups and harmful acts motivated by bigotry or hate. (Image Source: Smithsonian American Art Museum\/Walter Quirt.)\n\n\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=faculty\">Faculty<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>A group\u2019s moral values may help determine the likelihood of hate-motivated acts<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  USC Dornsife researchers use geospatial modeling and psychological experimentation to predict \u201cextreme behavioral expressions of prejudice\u201d \u2014 malicious acts motivated by hate or bigotry. <strong>[3\u00be min read]<\/strong>\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Greg Hardesty<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">July 28, 2021<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n    <span class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list\" style=\"line-height: 32px;\">\n      <span class=\"title\">\n        Share\n      <\/span>\n                        <a class=\"a2a_button_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"\/#copy_link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"Link\">\n            <span class=\"a2a_svg a2a_s__default a2a_s_copy_link\">\n              <svg height=\"19\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 19\" width=\"19\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m7.43475275 9.52380952-2.17490843 2.26076008c-1.08745421 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     >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>From attacks on synagogues and mosques to the COVID-era spike in anti-Asian sentiment, the past couple of years, unfortunately, have seen no shortage of acts of hatred.<\/p>\n<p>But because of the statistical rarity of hate crimes, developing computational models to predict where they might occur has been a scientific challenge.<\/p>\n<p>But a\u00a0study led by\u00a0scientists at the\u00a0USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences\u00a0does just that.<\/p>\n<p>Published July 28 in the scientific journal\u00a0<i>Nature Communications<\/i>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-24786-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the research<\/a>\u00a0suggests that, within a given county, the moral values oriented around group preservation can help determine the prevalence of hate groups and so-called \u201cextreme behavioral expressions of prejudice\u201d (EBEPs) \u2014 that is, harmful acts motivated by hate or bigotry.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe most striking aspect of our study is our use of geospatial modeling, which showed that the prevalence of hate groups at the county level can be predicted based on the psychological makeup of that county \u2014 specifically, the moral concerns,\u201d\u00a0said corresponding author\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/cf\/psyc\/psyc_faculty_display.cfm?person_id=1048516\">Morteza Dehghani<\/a>, associate professor of psychology and a researcher at USC Dornsife\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/bci\/\">Brain and Creativity Institute<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The study suggests that the prevalence of specific moral concerns is predictive of the number of hate groups per capita in that county, added Dehghani, five of whose students \u2014 from USC Dornsife\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/psyc\/\">Department of Psychology<\/a>\u00a0and the Department of Computer Science at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/viterbischool.usc.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USC Viterbi School of Engineering<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 also worked on the research.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur work is built on prior work linking violence and morality. In this research, we advance the understanding of extreme behavioral expressions of prejudice by proposing the Moralized Threat Hypothesis, which suggests that acts of hate are often motivated by the belief that somebody outside your own group has done something morally wrong and they should be excluded or punished for that wrong-doing\u201d said\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/cf\/psyc\/student_display.cfm?Person_ID=1076692\">Mohammad Atari<\/a>, Ph.D. candidate in social psychology at USC\u2019s Department of Psychology.<\/p>\n<h2>Extreme forms of morality and their societal consequences<\/h2>\n<p>Dehghani has been studying hate crimes since 2016, such as probing how\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/2812\/social-media-signals-looming-violence\/\">moral rhetoric on Twitter<\/a>\u00a0may signal whether a protest will turn violent.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019ve always been interested in extreme forms of morality and their consequences,\u201d he said. \u201cMost forms of genocide or killings are explained through morality \u2014 \u2018it was for the greater good. Someone has done something morally wrong, therefore it\u2019s OK to do what we did to them.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dehghani\u2019s latest paper on EBEPs, he said, is the first to use geospatial modeling paired with behavioral experimentation to predict acts of violence against marginalized groups.<\/p>\n<p>In the study, Dehghani and his student colleagues focused on extreme behavioral expressions of prejudice that were aligned with far right-wing ideologies. People who endorse the ideological right tend to strongly care about so-called \u201cbinding\u201d values, such as loyalty to peers and respect for leaders, as much as moral concerns focused on individuals\u2019 rights and well-being, he explained.\u00a0People who are more left leaning, however, tend to only prioritize the latter set of values.<\/p>\n<p>A key finding in the paper was the relationship between the county-level rate of hate groups and county-level endorsement of binding values. Since the study finds a strong association between the two, local governments could perhaps take steps to target resources to dampen any potential acts of hate, Dehghani said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAlso,\u201d he added, \u201cwe have an immigration crisis. Where are the best locations to place the immigrants? We could look at counties where binding values are not highly prioritized.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Two actual groups, two fictional groups part of study<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to the geospatial analysis of more than 3,100 U.S. counties, the researchers collected data from U.S. adults via surveys and asked questions about anti-Mexican and anti-Muslim acts of hate. The researchers also asked questions about fictional groups to probe the relationship between people\u2019s moral values and the degree to which they justify extreme behavioral expressions of prejudice even when such group does not exist in the real world.<\/p>\n<p>They focused on four distinct EBEPs in their social psychological experiments: posting hate speech on Facebook, sharing hate speech on flyers, verbally assaulting a member of a marginalized group, and physically assaulting a member of a marginalized group.<\/p>\n<p>Results of the social psychological experiments on more than 2,200 participants showed a strong link between their binding values and the degree to which they perceived EBEPs against certain groups, such as Muslims, to be justified.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur findings are consistent with the hypothesis that acts of hate are morally motivated behaviors,\u201d Dehghani said. \u201cAnd research suggests that, at least in the United States, binding values are held more strongly among people who report right-wing political ideology.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>About the study<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to Dehghani and Atari, other USC authors on the study include Joe Hoover, Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Brendan Kennedy, Gwenyth Portillo-Wightman and Leigh Yeh.<\/p>\n<p>Work on the study was supported by National Science Foundation grant BCS-1846531.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n  \n        \n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-related-stories \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-related-stories\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  <div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n    \n                  <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/how-usc-dornsife-helped-shape-singer-songwriter-aloe-blaccs-career\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >How USC Dornsife helped shape acclaimed singer-songwriter Aloe Blacc\u2019s career<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/the-national-climate-assessment-is-broken-matthew-wielicki-as-lead-wont-help\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >The National Climate Assessment is broken \u2013 appointing Matthew Wielicki to lead it won\u2019t\u00a0help<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n              <article>\n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--cta-title\">\n\n    \n  <h3>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/usc-rotc-helped-allison-parra-find-confidence-and-her-calling\/\" \n                        class=\"\" \n      >USC ROTC helped Allison Parra find confidence \u2014 and her calling<\/a>\n      <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/article>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>USC Dornsife researchers use geospatial modeling and psychological experimentation to predict \u201cextreme behavioral expressions of prejudice\u201d \u2014 malicious acts motivated by hate or bigotry. <strong>[3\u00be min read]<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":1515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,17],"tags":[412,112,90],"class_list":["post-1512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","category-student","tag-morteza-dehghani","tag-psychology","tag-sociology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A group\u2019s moral values may help determine the likelihood of hate-motivated acts<\/title>\n<meta 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