{"id":12012,"date":"2010-06-03T12:02:00","date_gmt":"2010-06-03T19:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/dismantling-a-volcanic-puzzle\/"},"modified":"2023-04-19T11:23:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T18:23:04","slug":"dismantling-a-volcanic-puzzle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/dismantling-a-volcanic-puzzle\/","title":{"rendered":"Dismantling a Volcanic Puzzle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n            \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n  \n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a 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\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>If tectonic plate collisions cause volcanic eruptions, as every fifth  grader knows, why do some volcanoes erupt far from a plate boundary?<\/p>\n<p>A study in <em>Nature <\/em>suggests that volcanoes and mountains in  the Mediterranean can grow from the pressure of the semi-liquid mantle  pushing on Earth&rsquo;s crust from below.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;The rise and subsidence of different points of the earth is not  restricted to the exact locations of the plate boundary. You can get  tectonic activity away from a plate boundary,&rdquo; said study co-author and USC College associate professor of  earth sciences Thorsten  Becker.<\/p>\n<p>The study connects mantle flow to uplift and volcanism in mobile  belts&nbsp;&mdash; crustal fragments floating between continental plates.<\/p>\n<p>The model should be able to predict uplift and likely volcanic  hotspots in other mobile belts, such as the North American Cordillera  (including the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada) and the Himalayas.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;We have a tool to be able to answer these questions,&rdquo; Becker said.<\/p>\n<p>Scientists previously had suggested a connection between mantle  upwelling and volcanism, Becker said. The <em>Nature<\/em> study is the  first to propose the connection in mobile belts.<\/p>\n<p>Becker and collaborator Claudio Faccenna of the University of Rome  believe that small-scale convection in the mantle is partly responsible  for shaping mobile belts.<\/p>\n<p>Mantle that sinks at the plate boundary flows back up farther away,  pushing on the crust and causing uplift and crustal motions detectable  by a global positioning system, the authors found.<\/p>\n<p>The slow but inexorable motions can move mountains &mdash; both gradually  and through earthquakes or eruptions.<\/p>\n<p>The study identified two mountain ranges raised almost entirely by  mantle flow, according to the authors: the southern Meseta Central  plateau in Spain and the Massif Central in France.<\/p>\n<p>Becker and Faccenna inferred mantle flow from interpreting seismic  mantle tomography, which provides a picture of the deep earth just like a  CAT scan, using seismic waves instead of X-rays.<\/p>\n<p>Assuming that the speed of the waves depends mainly on the  temperature of crust and mantle (waves travel slower through warmer  matter), the authors used temperature differences to model the direction  of mantle convection.<\/p>\n<p>Regions of upward flow, as predicted by the model, mostly coincided  with uplift or volcanic activity away from plate boundaries.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;Mantle circulation &hellip; appears more important than previously thought,  and generates vigorous upwellings even far from the subduction zone,&rdquo;  the authors wrote.<\/p>\n<p>The study culminates work started 13 years ago when Becker was a  graduate student at Harvard University and Faccenna was a visiting  scholar.<\/p>\n<p>The National Science Foundation and USC&rsquo;s High Performance Computing  Center supported the research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":12015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[159,1793,852,1191],"class_list":["post-12012","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","tag-earth-sciences","tag-magazine","tag-national-science-foundation","tag-thorsten-becker"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dismantling a Volcanic Puzzle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/dismantling-a-volcanic-puzzle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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