{"id":11038,"date":"2011-09-30T13:56:00","date_gmt":"2011-09-30T20:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/toxic-red-tides-usc-scientist-tracks-neurotoxin-producing-algae\/"},"modified":"2023-04-19T11:20:54","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T18:20:54","slug":"toxic-red-tides-usc-scientist-tracks-neurotoxin-producing-algae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/news\/stories\/toxic-red-tides-usc-scientist-tracks-neurotoxin-producing-algae\/","title":{"rendered":"Toxic Red Tides: USC Scientist Tracks Neurotoxin-Producing Algae"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n    \n            \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--article-hero \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--article-hero\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n<div class=\"inner-wrapper\">\n  \n  \n  <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n          <nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\">\n        <ul>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\">News<\/a><\/li>\n                      <li><a href=\"\/news\/stories\/\/?category=faculty\">Faculty<\/a><\/li>\n                  <\/ul>\n      <\/nav>\n    \n              \n<div class=\"f--field f--page-title\">\n\n    \n  <h1>Toxic Red Tides: USC Scientist Tracks Neurotoxin-Producing Algae<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n    \n          <div class=\"subtitle\">\n            \n<div class=\"f--field f--description\">\n\n    \n  Harmful algal blooms that affect seafood on the rise in California\n\n\n<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n           <strong class=\"author-field\"><span >By<\/span><a href=\"mailto:communication@dornsife.usc.edu\">Robert Perkins<\/a><\/strong>\n    \n          <span class=\"post-date-field\">September 30, 2011<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--social-share \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--social-share\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n  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0l7.2857142-6.34285719c-.0857142-.08571428-.2571428-.08571428-.4285714-.08571428zm-1.28571428 1.11428567v.1714286 8.5714286c0 .6857143.6 1.2857143 1.28571428 1.2857143h14.57142856c.6857143 0 1.2857143-.6 1.2857143-1.2857143v-8.5714286c0-.0857143 0-.0857143 0-.1714286l-7.2 6.3428572c-.7714286.6857143-1.8857143.6857143-2.6571429 0z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(-6 -9)\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"a2a_label visually-hidden\">Email<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n                  <\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n  \n\n  \n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div\n  class=\"cc--component-container cc--rich-text \"\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  \n  >\n  <div class=\"c--component c--rich-text\"\n    \n      >\n\n    \n      \n<div class=\"f--field f--wysiwyg\">\n\n    \n  <p>With toxic algal blooms &mdash; which can increase the amount of harmful toxins in the  shellfish that California residents consume &mdash; ramping up in frequency and  severity locally, scientists in USC Dornsife have developed a new algae monitoring method  in hopes of one day being able to predict when and where toxic &ldquo;red tides&rdquo; will  occur.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;We have, what we fear, is a hotspot here for some types of toxic  algal blooms,&rdquo; said David  Caron, professor of biological sciences in USC Dornsife.  <\/p>\n<p>Caron&rsquo;s lab developed a quantitative assay, a procedure for measuring  the quantity of specific types of algae in water samples taken from the coast.  For the past four years, he used it in Redondo Beach&#8217;s King Harbor to monitor  the <em>Alexandrium catenella<\/em> algae, which produces saxitoxins, a group of  neurotoxins that Caron called &ldquo;one of the most toxic biologically produced  chemicals in the world.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;Just like other species, microscopic species  conduct warfare &mdash; chemical warfare,&rdquo; Caron said. Saxitoxins are thought to help  <em>A. catenella<\/em> keep from being eaten and to out-compete other, similar  organisms.<\/p>\n<p>Problems with <em>A. catenella <\/em>occur because the algae are food  for clams, mussels, anchovies and sardines.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s when we get into  trouble, when it gets into something we would eat,&rdquo; Caron said. In humans, the  ingestion of saxitoxins causes paralytic shellfish poisoning. <\/p>\n<p>Caron said  that the California Department of Public Health does &ldquo;a great job of keeping us  safe&rdquo; through water sampling, mussel sampling, and regular closures of shellfish  harvesting during certain high-risk times of the year.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past 10  years, however, a different type of algae that produces the neurotoxin domoic  acid has been increasing on the west coast. Domoic acid produces amnesic  shellfish poisoning in humans, and has been the cause of thousands of marine  animal deaths off California during the past decade.<\/p>\n<p>The first documented  case of animals being sickened by algal blooms in this region occurred in the  1990s. Since 2003, such events have occurred almost annually in a worrying  increase of such blooms, Caron said. <\/p>\n<p>The cause of the increase in toxic  algae blooms remains the subject of speculation. This could be the result of an  ongoing change in the ecosystem off of California&rsquo;s coast, or it could be that  scientists are witnessing a cyclical phenomenon. Extensive monitoring of toxic  algal blooms is relatively new in the region, Caron said.<\/p>\n<p>Caron said he  hopes that his new assay will help scientists &mdash; not just to spot the blooms, but  to monitor the changes in environmental conditions that lead to such blooms. In  particular, he&rsquo;s hoping to discover what causes a harmful species of algae to  bloom as opposed to a benign species.<\/p>\n<p>Caron&rsquo;s research, headed by  postdoctoral investigator Marie-Eve Garneau of the University of Zurich, was  published online on September 16 by <a href=\"http:\/\/ethreemail.com\/e3ds\/mail_link.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Faem.asm.org%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2FAEM.06174-11v1%3Fmaxtoshow%3D%26amp%3Bhits%3D10%26amp%3BRESULTFORMAT%3D%26amp%3Bfulltext%3Dseasonal%2Bdynamics%2Bof%2Bthe%2Btoxic%2Bdinoflagellate%26amp%3Bsearchid%3D1%26amp%3BFIRSTINDEX%3D0%26amp%3Bresourcetype%3DHWCIT&amp;i=9&amp;d=YX35024W-49V1-4W0W-876V-93VY78455495&amp;e=laurie.moore@college.usc.edu\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Applied and Environmental Microbiology<\/span><\/a>,  was supported by funding from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric  Administration, the Fonds qu&eacute;b&eacute;cois de recherche sur la nature et les  technologies, and the Swiss National Science Fund.<\/p>\n<p>Fellow authors include  Astrid Schnetzer, assistant professor (research) of biological sciences; biological sciences graduate students Adriane C. Jones and Erica L. Seubert; and Peter D.  Coutway of the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Harmful algal blooms that affect seafood on the rise in California<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":11041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[117,156,1209,96,1754],"class_list":["post-11038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faculty","tag-biology","tag-california","tag-david-caron","tag-natural-sciences","tag-ocean"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Toxic Red Tides: USC Scientist Tracks Neurotoxin-Producing Algae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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