{"id":20185,"date":"2025-07-21T13:45:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-21T20:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/?p=20185"},"modified":"2026-03-24T16:01:35","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T23:01:35","slug":"black-and-brown-solidarity-against-ice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2025\/07\/21\/black-and-brown-solidarity-against-ice\/","title":{"rendered":"Black and Brown Solidarity Against ICE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Black and Brown Solidarity Against ICE<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n By<\/span>Chaya Crowder and Claudia Sandoval, Department of Political Science and International Relations; Loyola Marymount University<\/strong>\n \n July 21, 2025<\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Nationally, \u00a0over 56,000<\/a>\u00a0 have been detained by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) since Donald Trump\u2019s inauguration in January 2025. Immigration raids have targeted brown-skinned people on street corners, in parks, at bus stops and at work. People have been forcibly detained and arrested without probable cause. There have been a particularly large number of raids, arrests, and forced disappearances in Los Angeles, California that have targeted Mexican and Central American immigrants. In response to these arrests, large scale sustained protests<\/a> took place against ICE raids in downtown Los Angeles throughout June 2025. While many might assume that these immigration raids are a \u201cLatino issue,\u201d many Black leaders and organizations are standing in solidarity with the Latino immigrant community.<\/p>\n

Black leaders like Melina Abdullah<\/a> of Black Lives Matter have been vocal about their opposition to ICE and their support for immigrant communities. Black civil rights organizations including the NAACP and National Action Network issued statements in solidarity with immigrant communities. These recent displays of solidarity are part of a long history of Black and Brown communities working together for racial justice. Even still, historically, the media highlights the \u201cfragile<\/a>\u201d alliance between Black and Brown people as well as the tensions that have existed between these communities. In fact, some worry that these coalitions may only exist strategically<\/a> between political elites and fail to represent the feelings of everyday people. With this in mind, we examine recent results from the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/a> to demonstrate that Black and Latine solidarity around issues of immigration remains strong.<\/p>\n

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The Roots of Black and Latine Solidarity<\/h3>\n

Black and Latine solidarity came together in the 1970s and 80s with the wave of civil rights protests that were taking place across the United States to demand equality and just labor conditions . In Los Angeles, the Chicano movement borrowed heavily from the Black Panther party, as the Brown Berets took center stage in many of the walkouts that were taking place in East Los Angeles. In Chicago, the Rainbow Coalition<\/a> came together with the help of the Black Panthers, Young Lords, and Young Patriots. It was during this time that a political consciousness and knowledge about systematic racism grew within each of the communities, especially among its youth. While organizations like the United Farm Workers<\/a> (UFW) successfully organized farmworkers, the Brown Berets advanced\u00a0created a narrative around structural inequality that helped the younger generation develop a more critical understanding of discrimination and its impact on other communities of color.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Black and Latino Solidarity Today\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

To explore the extent to which Black and Latino people continue to feel solidarity with one another, we make use of the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS). The CMPS is unique in its collaborative nature. Over 200 scholars across 100 different universities\/colleges contributed to their survey instrument. The CMPS is particularly useful for the purposes of this research, because they oversample Black and Latine respondents. There are a total of 4,071 Black respondents surveyed and 3,529 Latine respondents. We also examine Black and Latino support and opposition for ICE.<\/p>\n

To examine solidarity between these two groups. We analyze the extent to which Black and Latino people believe that when it comes to the treatment of Black people by the police and the treatment of Latine immigrants by immigration officials these officials are racially biased. We find that a majority of Black (70%) and Latino (54.7%) people feel that this treatment is racially biased.<\/p>\n

Notably, Black people are significantly more likely to view the treatment of both groups as racially biased. This may stem from their understanding of systemic racism in the American context.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

Source: 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

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When asked whether protests and demonstrations in support for humane immigration reform are effective or ineffective, Black people (44.4%) are just as likely as Latino (43.8%) to agree that these protests are effective.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

Source: 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

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Additionally, Black (64.1%) people view ICE just as unfavorably as Latino people (63.7%). This data reveals strong solidarity from Black people when it comes to the handling of immigration enforcement in the United States.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

Source: 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

As the demographics shift in the United States point to a majority minoritized population, it is important for both Black and Latine communities to realize the potential political power this growth brings. While neither Black nor Latine folks individually will be a majority, the combination of various minoritized communities will outnumber White Americans by 2045. The data from the 2020 survey shows that both Blacks and Latinos understood the racial implications of police and immigration officials on their communities. However, this was less so for Latinos on all three measures. As the Trump administration continues to target Brown folks indiscriminately, even formally suggesting that \u201cphysical appearance\u201d<\/a> can be used to determine which individuals are kidnapped regardless of actual citizenship status, we may be seeing the beginning of a new era of racial consciousness among Latinos.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

While some Latinos have historically benefitted from or aligned with whiteness when it served them socially or politically, they have also struggled with deep anti-Black attitudes<\/a>. These recent immigration tactics may help Latinos see that their own racial oppression at the hands of the state mirrors the struggles African Americans have faced for decades. This is an important moment towards solidarity given that both Latinos\u2019 proximity to whiteness and anti-Black attitudes, as well as economic concerns, partly contributed to\u00a0 the 8 percent increase<\/a> in support for Trump between 2020 and 2024. Ultimately, while Trump\u2019s immigration strategies have intensified cruelty, fear, and division, they may be inadvertently creating a racial consciousness that will benefit Black and Latino solidarity and allyship for generations to come.<\/p>\n

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Editor\u2019s note<\/strong>: This post has been updated in consultation with the authors on March 20, 2026,\u00a0 to revise a reference to an individual in light of information about harm that has since come to light. The edit does not change the authors\u2019 original analysis.<\/em><\/p>\n

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About the authors: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Chaya Crowder<\/strong> is an Associate Professor at Loyola Marymount University in the Department of Political Science and International Relations. She\u00a0 is an Associate Professor at Loyola Marymount University in the Department of Political Science and International Relations. She received her PhD from the Department of Politics at Princeton University where she also received certificates in African-American Studies and Gender and Sexuality Studies. Chaya\u2019s research and teaching interests include political behavior, race and ethnicity politics, social media and American politics as well as gender and American politics. She uses an intersectional approach in her research to explore the ways that attention to race, gender and sexuality have differential effects on political behavior. Her dissertation, entitled \u201cIntersectional Solidarity and Public Opinion: The Impact of a Political Consciousness of Race, Gender and Sexuality on Political Behavior\u201d explores how consciousness of the intersection of racial discrimination and gender discrimination impacts evaluations of marginalized groups. Chaya develops a theory and measurement of what she calls \u201cintersectional solidarity,\u201d which is defined as awareness and distress over multiple subgroups\u2019 oppression.<\/p>\n

Dr. Claudia Sandoval<\/strong> is an Assistant Professor at Loyola Marymount University in the Department of Political Science and International Relations. She earned her B.A. in Political Science from the University of California, Los Angeles. She received her M.A. and Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Chicago with concentrations in American politics and race and politics. Her dissertation, \u201cConjuring Immigrant Racial Threat Narratives: Using Citizenship Status to Shape Black-Latino Relations in US Politics,\u201d examines the plight of Blacks and Latinos for inclusion in the U.S. and analyzes how the contentious discourse around citizenship \u2013 particularly the anti-immigration narrative \u2013 has been used to strategically divide these two groups. During the 2014-2015 school year, Dr. Sandoval was a Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Research Associate at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, where she taught \u201cLatino Politics.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Note: Dr. Claudia Sandoval provided a Spanish translation of this blog post as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Solidaridad Entre Afrodescendientes y Latinos En Contra de ICE<\/h2>\n

Por. Chaya Crowder and Claudia Sandoval, Departamento de Ciencias Pol\u00edticas Y Relaciones Internacionales; Loyola Marymount University<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

A nivel nacional, m\u00e1s de 56,000<\/a> personas han sido detenidas por el Servicio de Inmigraci\u00f3n y Control de Aduanas (ICE) desde la toma de posesi\u00f3n de Donald Trump en enero de 2025. Las redadas migratorias se han dirigido contra la comunidad Latina en espacios p\u00fablicas como parques, paradas de autob\u00fas, lugares de trabajo, y en estacionamientos de tiendas donde suelen encontrarse trabajadores jornaleros. Se ha secuestrado<\/a> y arrestado a personas sin causa u ordines judiciales. En Los \u00c1ngeles, California, se ha registrado un n\u00famero particularmente elevado de redadas, arrestos y secuestros dirigidos contra inmigrantes mexicanos y centroamericanos. En respuesta a estos arrestos en junio del 2025, se produjeron protestas masivas<\/a> y sostenidas contra las redadas de ICE en el centro de Los \u00c1ngeles. Si bien muchos podr\u00edan asumir que estas redadas migratorias son solo un “problema Latino”, muchos l\u00edderes y organizaciones afrodescendientes se han solidarizado con la comunidad inmigrante y Latina.<\/p>\n

L\u00edderes afrodescendientes como Melina Abdullah<\/a>, de Black Lives Matter, han expresado abiertamente su oposici\u00f3n a ICE y su apoyo a las comunidades inmigrantes. Organizaciones de derechos civiles afrodescendientes, como la NAACP y la Red de Acci\u00f3n Nacional, emitieron declaraciones en solidaridad con las comunidades inmigrantes. Estas recientes muestras de solidaridad forman parte de una larga historia de uni\u00f3n para la justicia racial entra las comunidades afrodescendientes y latinas. Aun as\u00ed, hist\u00f3ricamente los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n destacan la fr\u00e1gil alianza<\/a> entre las personas afrodescendientes y latinas, as\u00ed como las tensiones que han existido entre estas comunidades. De hecho, a algunos les preocupa que estas coaliciones solo existan estrat\u00e9gicamente entre los pol\u00edticos<\/a> y no representen el sentir de la gente com\u00fan. Con esto en mente, examinamos los resultados recientes de la Encuesta Colaborativa Multirracial Postelectoral de 2020<\/a> para demostrar que la solidaridad afrodescendiente y latina en torno a los problemas de inmigraci\u00f3n sigue siendo s\u00f3lida.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Las Ra\u00edces de Solidaridad Afrodescendiente y Latina<\/strong><\/h3>\n

La solidaridad afrodescendiente y latina se consolid\u00f3 en las d\u00e9cadas de 1970 y 1980 con la ola de protestas por los derechos civiles que se desarrollaban en los Estados Unidos para exigir igualdad y condiciones laborales justas. En Los \u00c1ngeles, el movimiento Chicano se inspir\u00f3 en gran medida en el Partido Pantera Negra de Autodefensa, ya que los Boinas Caf\u00e9s protagonizaron muchas de las huelgas que tuvieron lugar en el Este de Los \u00c1ngeles. En Chicago, la Coalici\u00f3n Arco\u00edris<\/a> se uni\u00f3 con la ayuda del Partido Panteras Negras, la Liga de J\u00f3venes Caballeros, y la Organizaci\u00f3n de J\u00f3venes Patriotas. Fue durante este per\u00edodo que la conciencia pol\u00edtica y el conocimiento sobre el racismo sistem\u00e1tico crecieron en cada una de las comunidades, especialmente entre los j\u00f3venes. Mientras organizaciones como United Farm Workers<\/a> (UFW) lograron organizar a los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas, los Boinas Caf\u00e9s crearon una narrativa en torno a la desigualdad estructural que ayud\u00f3 a las generaciones m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes a desarrollar una comprensi\u00f3n m\u00e1s cr\u00edtica de la discriminaci\u00f3n y su impacto en otras comunidades de color.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Solidaridad Afrodescendiente y Latina Hoy<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Para explorar hasta qu\u00e9 punto las personas afrodescendientes y latinas contin\u00faan sintiendo solidaridad entre s\u00ed, utilizamos la Encuesta Colaborativa Multirracial Postelectoral (CMPS) de 2020. La CMPS es \u00fanica por su naturaleza colaborativa. M\u00e1s de 200 acad\u00e9micos de 100 universidades diferentes contribuyeron a su instrumento de encuesta. El CMPS es particularmente \u00fatil para los fines de esta investigaci\u00f3n, ya que sobre muestrea a los encuestados afrodescendientes y latinos. Hay un total de 4071 encuestados afrodescendientes y 3529 latinos. Tambi\u00e9n examinamos el apoyo y la oposici\u00f3n de las personas afrodescendientes y latinas al ICE.<\/p>\n

Para examinar la solidaridad entre estos dos grupos, analizamos hasta qu\u00e9 punto las personas afrodescendientes y latinas creen que, en lo que respecta al trato que la polic\u00eda da a las personas afrodescendientes y a los inmigrantes latinos por parte de los funcionarios de inmigraci\u00f3n, estos funcionarios tienen sesgo racial. Descubrimos que la mayor\u00eda de las personas afrodescendientes (70%) y latinas (54.7%) considera que este trato tiene sesgo racial.<\/p>\n

Cabe destacar que las personas afrodescendientes son significativamente m\u00e1s propensas a considerar el trato a ambos grupos como un sesgo racial. Esto podr\u00eda deberse a su comprensi\u00f3n del racismo sist\u00e9mico en el contexto estadounidense.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Al preguntarles si las protestas y manifestaciones en apoyo a una reforma migratoria humana son efectivas o ineficaces, las personas afrodescendientes (44.4%) tienen la misma probabilidad que las latinas (43.8%) de estar de acuerdo en que estas protestas son efectivas.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, las personas afrodescendientes (64.1%) tienen una opini\u00f3n tan desfavorable de ICE como los latinos (63.7%). Estos datos revelan una fuerte solidaridad entre personas afrodescendientes con respecto a c\u00f3mo se aplica la ley migratoria en Estados Unidos.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"2020<\/p>\n

2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A medida que el cambio demogr\u00e1fico en Estados Unidos apunta a una poblaci\u00f3n mayoritariamente minoritaria, es importante que tanto las comunidades afrodescendientes como las latinas se den cuenta del poder pol\u00edtico que este crecimiento conlleva. Si bien ni las personas afrodescendientes ni las latinas individualmente constituir\u00e1n una mayor\u00eda, la combinaci\u00f3n de diversas comunidades minoritarias superar\u00e1 en n\u00famero a los estadounidenses blancos para 2045. Los datos de la encuesta de 2020 muestran que tanto las personas afrodescendientes como las latinas comprend\u00edan las implicaciones raciales de la polic\u00eda y los funcionarios de inmigraci\u00f3n en sus comunidades. Sin embargo, esto fue menos evidente para los latinos en las tres medidas. Mientras la administraci\u00f3n Trump contin\u00faa atacando indiscriminadamente a las personas de color, incluso sugiriendo formalmente que la “apariencia f\u00edsica”<\/a> puede usarse para determinar qu\u00e9 individuos son secuestrados, independientemente de su estatus migratorio, podr\u00edamos estar presenciando el comienzo de una nueva era de concientizaci\u00f3n racial entre los latinos<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Si algunos latinos hist\u00f3ricamente se han beneficiado o se han alineado con una jerarqu\u00eda blanca cuando les ha beneficiado social o pol\u00edticamente, tambi\u00e9n han lidiado con profundas actitudes anti-afrodescendientes<\/a>. Estas recientes t\u00e1cticas migratorias podr\u00edan ayudar a los latinos a comprender que su propia opresi\u00f3n racial a manos del estado refleja las luchas que los afrodescendientes han enfrentado durante d\u00e9cadas. Este es un momento importante para la solidaridad y uni\u00f3n entre los dos grupos, dado que tanto la proximidad de los latinos a la blancura como las actitudes anti-afrodescendientes<\/a>, as\u00ed como las preocupaciones sobre la econom\u00eda, contribuyeron al aumento del 8% en el apoyo a Trump entre 2020 y 2024<\/a>. Si la estrategia migratoria de Trump se basa en la crueldad, el miedo y la divisi\u00f3n, podr\u00eda estar creando inadvertidamente una concientizaci\u00f3n racial que beneficiar\u00e1 la solidaridad y la alianza entre personas afrodescendientes y latinas para las pr\u00f3ximas generaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\n Book Event with Author Alejandra Campoverdi’s ‘First Gen’<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/article>\n <\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":20191,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[19,69,130,162,282,371,372],"class_list":["post-20185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-immigrants","tag-immigration","tag-black-and-brown-organizing","tag-multiracial","tag-solidarity","tag-2020-collaborative-multiracial-post-election-survey","tag-immigration-and-customs-enforcement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBlack and Brown Solidarity Against ICE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2025\/07\/21\/black-and-brown-solidarity-against-ice\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Black and Brown Solidarity Against ICE - 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