{"id":14001,"date":"2016-12-08T12:04:00","date_gmt":"2016-12-08T20:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/?p=14001"},"modified":"2023-08-04T12:40:32","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T19:40:32","slug":"the-whitelash-against-diversity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/","title":{"rendered":"The Whitelash Against Diversity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n
\n \n
\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n\n<\/div>\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n\n \n

The Whitelash Against Diversity<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n By<\/span>Jennifer Lee, Chancellor\u2019s Fellow and Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine<\/strong>\n \n December 8, 2016<\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n
\n \n \n Share\n <\/span>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Copy Link<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Facebook<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n \n\n<\/svg>\n\n <\/span>\n X<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n LinkedIn<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Bluesky<\/span>\n <\/a>\n \n \n <\/svg>\n <\/span>\n Email<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n \n
\n\n \n

Diversity is heralded by institutions as one indicator of their excellence. In a\u00a0recent ranking of Ivy League colleges<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0The<\/em>\u00a0Wall Street Journal\/Times Higher Education<\/em>, Columbia University rose to the top, in part because it ranked high on \u201cenvironment\u201d \u2014 measured by the racial and ethnic diversity of faculty and students as well as the number of international students enrolled. Recognizing the value of diversity,Yale<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Brown\u00a0announced ambitious plans to increase faculty and student diversity, with commitments from their respective administrations of $50 and $100 million.\u00a0While diversity is a core component of institutional excellence, promoting diversity, seeing it, and even the mere mention of it can generate a backlash \u2014 or what\u00a0CNN<\/em>\u00a0commentator\u00a0Van Jones aptly dubbed a \u201cwhitelash\u201d<\/a>\u00a0to characterize the support that Trump received from White voters to propel him to the presidency.<\/p>\n

Exit polls show that the majority of Trump\u2019s supporters were White, and that the majority of Whites \u2014 both men and women and across all income brackets \u2014 voted for Trump. Nearly two-thirds (63%) of White men voted for Trump, and among those without a college degree, support rose to 72 percent.\u00a0Race trumped gender for White women<\/a>: Trump garnered 52% of their votes, and among White women without a college degree, support increased to 62 percent. By stark contrast,only 17% of Asian\u00a0and\u00a018% of Latino voters<\/a>\u00a0chose Trump, and among Black voters, a mere 8 percent did so.<\/p>\n

\"election-clinton-trump-support-by-race-gender-2016\"<\/a>Exit poll results by race and gender.<\/em><\/p>\n

The racial fault lines in the polls reflect the divisions that Trump decisively carved throughout his campaign, and cemented even more deeply since his election. During an\u00a0interview on\u00a060 Minutes<\/em><\/a>, President-elect Trump declared that he would deport two to three million undocumented immigrants \u201cimmediately\u201d upon taking office, and confirmed that he plans to move forward with his plan to \u201cbuild a wall\u201d between the United States and Mexico. In addition, Trump\u2019s policy advisers are discussing a\u00a0proposal that would force immigrants from Muslim countries to register on a database. And Steve Bannon\u2014Donald Trump\u2019s chief strategist\u2014\u00a0expressed concern\u00a0that \u201ctwo-thirds or three-quarters of the CEOs in Silicon Valley are from South Asia or from Asia.\u201d<\/p>\n

With each assault, Trump and his advisors are attacking diversity, and in doing so, they lead White Americans to associate diversity with threat.<\/p>\n

To understand the link between diversity and threat, consider the research of psychologists\u00a0Maureen Craig<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Jennifer Richeson<\/a>\u00a0who find that politically unaffiliated White Americans reacted to learning about California\u2019s rapidly changing racial demography by leaning more toward the Republican party. Moreover, after learning that the U.S. Census Bureau projects that racial minority groups will make up a majority of the U.S. population in 2042, Whites are more likely to endorse politically conservative policies. The driving force underlying these effects is\u00a0group-status threat<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 the threat or fear that Whites will lose their privilege and dominant position in America\u2019s racial hierarchy.<\/p>\n

\"pew-us-racial-groups-in-2065\"<\/p>\n

Research by sociologist\u00a0Frank Samson<\/a>\u00a0also finds evidence of group-status threat among White Californians when it comes to admissions to elite universities. When evaluating Asian American applicants, Whites prefer todecrease<\/em>\u00a0the weight of grade point averages (GPAs), but when considering Black applicants, Whites choose to\u00a0increase<\/em>\u00a0their importance. In each case,Whites weigh GPAs differently<\/a>\u00a0depending on the racial group in question, and in the direction that benefits them, guards their privilege, and minimizes group-status threat.<\/p>\n

Sociologist\u00a0Natasha Warikoo<\/a>\u00a0provides\u00a0yet another lens<\/a>\u00a0through which to understand the relationship between diversity and threat. Based on interviews with White students in elite universities in the United States and Britain, she finds that while they support affirmative action programs because they increase diversity on their campuses \u2014 a collective good from which all students benefit \u2014 they withdraw support when they feel that minority groups receive benefits that are denied to them.For example, the existence of a Black, Latino, and Asian Students\u2019 Associations but not a White Students\u2019 Association violates the equal treatment of all students, in their view, and even ignites charges of \u201creverse discrimination.\u201d<\/p>\n

In sum, this research shows that the country\u2019s changing demographic diversity can lead White Americans to endorse more conservative policies, lean more Republican, shift their evaluation of merit, and believe that they are now the victims of racial discrimination.\u00a0Critical to add is that White Americans need not hate or be consciously biased against\u00a0African Americans, Latinos, Asians, immigrants, or Muslims to feel threatened by their growing presence.<\/p>\n

The lesson here is that demography is\u00a0not<\/em>\u00a0destiny, as we learned from the rise of Trump. But the mere threat of it has generated a \u201cwhitelash\u201d that propelled Trump into the nation\u2019s highest office.\u00a0Understanding group-status threat and its consequences is the first step to addressing them, which makes the role of universities \u2014 and their steadfast commitment to diversity and equality \u2014 a critical partner in this endeavor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recommended Readings:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sigal Alon<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Marta Tienda<\/a>. 2007. \u201cDiversity, Opportunity, and the Shifting Meritocracy in Higher Education<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0American Sociological Review\u00a0<\/em>72 (4): 487-511.<\/p>\n

Emilio J. Castilla<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Stephen Benard<\/a>. 2010. \u201cThe Paradox of Meritocracy in Organizations<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0Administrative Science Quarterly<\/em>\u00a055: 543\u2013576<\/p>\n

Maureen A. Craig<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Jennifer A. Richeson<\/a>. 2014. \u201cOn the Precipice of a \u2018Majority-Minority\u2019 America: Perceived Status Threat From the Racial Demographic Shift Affects White Americans\u2019 Political Ideology<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0Psychological Science<\/em>\u00a025 (6): 1189- 1197.<\/p>\n

Frank L. Samson<\/a>. 2013. \u201cMultiple Group Threat and Malleable White Attitudes towards Academic Merit<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0Du Bois Review<\/em>\u00a010 (1): 233\u2013260.<\/p>\n

Natasha K. Warikoo<\/a>. 2016.\u00a0The Diversity Bargain: And Other Dilemmas of Race, Admissions, and Meritocracy at Elite Universities<\/em><\/a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Article reposted via The Society Pages<\/a><\/p>\n

Under the license:
\nCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike<\/a><\/p>\n

Image credit: via The Society Pages<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n \n \n
\n\n \n
\n

About the author<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jennifer Lee<\/a> is a Chancellor\u2019s Fellow and Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine. Contact Info: e-mail jenlee@uci.edu | Twitter @JLeeSoc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n\n \n
\n \n
\n\n \n

\n Explore other articles\n <\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n
\n \n
\n\n \n

\n Forward in a World on Fire: Lithium Valley at a New Crossroads<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/article>\n
\n \n
\n\n \n

\n The Funding Trap: How Attendance Policy Shapes Who Gets to Be Present<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/article>\n
\n \n
\n\n \n

\n A Review of Recent Reports on Data Centers<\/a>\n <\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div>\n <\/article>\n <\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":458,"featured_media":14021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[172],"tags":[227,123,228,225,219,68,229,230],"class_list":["post-14001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-csii","tag-academia","tag-demographics","tag-diversity","tag-elections","tag-higher-education","tag-race","tag-sociology","tag-universities"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Whitelash Against Diversity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Whitelash Against Diversity - USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1150\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Debora Gotta\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Debora Gotta\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198\"},\"headline\":\"The Whitelash Against Diversity\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\"},\"wordCount\":4,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png\",\"keywords\":[\"academia\",\"demographics\",\"diversity\",\"elections\",\"higher education\",\"race\",\"sociology\",\"universities\"],\"articleSection\":[\"CSII blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\",\"name\":\"The Whitelash Against Diversity - USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":1150,\"caption\":\"a collaged graphic with \\\"all different, all equal\\\" written in block letters\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Whitelash Against Diversity\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/\",\"name\":\"USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)\",\"description\":\"Data and Analysis to Power Social Change\",\"alternateName\":\"USC ERI\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198\",\"name\":\"Debora Gotta\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/676a25ba5e2d00d06e594d13f2f54f1830decf596af0be78a1077fd9fa74f027?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/676a25ba5e2d00d06e594d13f2f54f1830decf596af0be78a1077fd9fa74f027?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Debora Gotta\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/author\/gotta\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Whitelash Against Diversity","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Whitelash Against Diversity - USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)","og_url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/","og_site_name":"USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)","article_published_time":"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2000,"height":1150,"url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Debora Gotta","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/"},"author":{"name":"Debora Gotta","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198"},"headline":"The Whitelash Against Diversity","datePublished":"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/"},"wordCount":4,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png","keywords":["academia","demographics","diversity","elections","higher education","race","sociology","universities"],"articleSection":["CSII blog"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/","name":"The Whitelash Against Diversity - USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png","datePublished":"2016-12-08T20:04:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-04T19:40:32+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2016\/12\/Whitelash-against-Diversity.png","width":2000,"height":1150,"caption":"a collaged graphic with \"all different, all equal\" written in block letters"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/2016\/12\/08\/the-whitelash-against-diversity\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Whitelash Against Diversity"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/","name":"USC Equity Research Institute (ERI)","description":"Data and Analysis to Power Social Change","alternateName":"USC ERI","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/b7039480323b3611d702e022c70c9198","name":"Debora Gotta","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/676a25ba5e2d00d06e594d13f2f54f1830decf596af0be78a1077fd9fa74f027?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/676a25ba5e2d00d06e594d13f2f54f1830decf596af0be78a1077fd9fa74f027?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Debora Gotta"},"url":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/author\/gotta\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/458"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14001"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14001\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14023,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14001\/revisions\/14023"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/eri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}