{"id":185,"date":"2023-09-11T12:47:56","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T19:47:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-usc-dornsife.pantheonsite.io\/dictionary\/?page_id=185"},"modified":"2023-09-13T12:45:39","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T19:45:39","slug":"example","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/dictionary\/example\/","title":{"rendered":"Example"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n \n \n
\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
FAIR TRADE<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/p>\n

Definition:<\/strong> To market (a commodity) in compliance with the provisions of a fair-trade agreement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

DEMOCRATIC PARTY<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Definition \u2013 Example \u2013 Rationale –<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

 <\/p>\n

American trade deals have too often boosted the profits of large corporations, while at the same time failing to protect workers\u2019 rights, labor standards, the environment, and public health.\u00a0 Americans should review agreements negotiated years ago to update them to reflect our principles. Any future trade agreements must make sure that our trading partners cannot undercut American workers by taking shortcuts on labor policy or the environment.\u00a0 Of course, individuals within the party have differing views on how to accomplish the values of the party:<\/p>\n

Democratic primary debate in New Hampshire, Feb 4, 2016
\n<\/u>Hillary Clinton: \u201cI voted for a multinational trade agreement, but I opposed CAFTA because I did not believe it was in the best interests of the workers of America. We are 5% of the world’s population. We have to trade with the other 95%.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bernie Sanders: \u201cI do not believe in unfettered free trade. I believe in fair trade which works for the middle class and working families, not just large multinational corporations.\u201d<\/p>\n

Democrats tend to feel that the term \u201cfair trade\u201d is a fallacy; trade, as it exists now, is unfair.\u00a0 Most democrats support organizations such as the World Fair Trade Organization that argues, \u201cFair trade\u00a0is an institutional arrangement designed to help producers in\u00a0developing countries\u00a0achieve better trading conditions. Members of the fair trade movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and\u00a0environmental standards.\u201d<\/p>\n

Democrats tend to be skeptical about trade deals because many American trading partners have previously had unfair wage, labor and environmental practices.\u00a0 Democrats want to protect American jobs and manufacturing and they argue that the currency manipulations and subsidies other countries offer to their own businesses hurt the American economy. Future trade agreements must make sure that our trading partners cannot undercut American workers by taking shortcuts on labor policy or the environment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

REPUBLICAN PARTY<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Definition \u2013 Example \u2013 Rationale –<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

 <\/p>\n

Republicans believe in preserving a strong trade position for America and building America\u2019s position to the point that it can dominate international trade. They propose to do this by: Revitalizing the World Trade Organization negotiations on agriculture and services, giving the president fast-track negotiating authority, negotiating reductions in tariffs on U.S. industrial goods and the elimination of other trade barriers, taking action against any trading partner that blocks importation of U.S. bioengineered crops, advancing a Free Trade Area of the Americas to take advantage of burgeoning new markets at our doorstep, and revising export controls to tighten control over military technology and ease restrictions on technology already available commercially.<\/p>\n

From the Republican Party 2016 Preamble written by the American Presidency Project at UC Santa Barbara:
\n<\/u>International trade is crucial for all sectors of America’s economy. Massive trade deficits are not. We envision a worldwide multilateral agreement among nations committed to the principles of open markets, what has been called a “Reagan Economic Zone,” in which free trade will truly be fair trade for all concerned.<\/p>\n

We need better negotiated trade agreements that put America first. When trade agreements have been carefully negotiated with friendly democracies, they have resulted in millions of new jobs here at home supported by our exports. When those agreements do not adequately protect U.S. interests, U.S. sovereignty, or when they are violated with impunity, they must be rejected.<\/p>\n

We cannot allow foreign governments to limit American access to their markets while stealing our designs, patents, brands, know-how, and technology. We cannot allow China to continue its currency manipulation, exclusion of U.S. products from government purchases, and subsidization of Chinese companies to thwart American imports.<\/p>\n

Sen. Patrick J. Toomey (R-Pa.) about 2017 tax cuts: \u201cVery pro-growth, supply-side tax reform,\u201d Toomey said. \u201cIt was the classic elements of what we\u2019ve always wanted to do: reduce the number of distortions, lower marginal rates, have a more competitive international system.\u201d<\/p>\n

From the Washington Post, Feb 6, 2021: For the past decade, Sen. Patrick J. Toomey (R-Pa.) has\u00a0preached the gospel of supply-side economics<\/a>, winning plenty of debates at Tuesday GOP policy luncheons. But over time, Toomey has become more and more isolated, a transformation that accelerated during the four years of\u00a0Donald Trump\u2019s \u201cAmerica First\u201d presidency<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The new generation of senators tends to follow Trump\u2019s populist policies of\u00a0trade wars and big spending<\/a>, leaving Toomey with a smaller audience for his catchphrases about \u201cslowing the rate of growth\u201d of entitlement programs that are growing \u201cfaster than nominal GDP.\u201d<\/p>\n

TO BE CONTINUED . . . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

GREEN PARTY<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Definition \u2013 Example \u2013 Rationale –<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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