{"id":1665,"date":"2020-02-10T21:21:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-10T21:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/armenian\/?p=1665"},"modified":"2024-07-02T16:56:45","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T16:56:45","slug":"electing-artsakhs-parliament-in-1991-conditions-and-composition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/armenian\/2020\/02\/10\/electing-artsakhs-parliament-in-1991-conditions-and-composition\/","title":{"rendered":"Electing Artsakh’s Parliament in 1991: Conditions and Composition"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Electing Artsakh’s Parliament in 1991: Conditions and Composition<\/h1>\n\n\n<\/div>\n \n \n By<\/span>Emil Sanamyan<\/strong>\n \n February 10, 2020<\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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The upcoming general election in Artsakh, scheduled for March 31, will be unprecedented in a number of respects, most obviously in that for the first time presidential and parliamentary elections are held simultaneously. They are also unprecedented when it comes to the level of competitiveness, with a dozen or more campaigns vying both for the presidency and seats in the 33-person National Assembly. None of the campaigns can be called a favorite to win a majority of votes, so a second round in presidential voting and some kind of a coalition in parliament are the most likely outcomes.<\/p>\n

In Artsakh’s political history there is only one precedent of an election where an outcome was similarly unpredictable: the first parliamentary election held in two rounds in December 1991 and January 1992. (Office of the president was not established in NKR until years later.)<\/p>\n

The election was called four months after first Azerbaijan on August 30, then Nagorno Karabakh on September 2 and Armenia on September 21 declared their independence and just days after the Soviet dissolution on December 8.<\/p>\n

The election was taking place in a deteriorating security situation. Surrounded on all sides by Azerbaijani-controlled territory, the newly-declared Nagorno Karabakh Republic was already engaged in fighting with Azerbaijan. Between September and December 1991 Nagorno Karabakh Self-Defense Forces managed to free a number of villages in Shaumyan and Hadrut districts that were captured by the Soviet army and Azerbaijani police during Operation Ring earlier that year. From mid-December Soviet security forces that helped keep Armenians and Azerbaijanis disengaged in and around Stepanakert were pulled out, resulting in escalation of fighting. Artsakh’s towns and villages were shelled during the voting.<\/p>\n

The first round of voting was held on December 28 and second on January 4. NKR was organized into 81 electoral districts, of these six were majority Azerbaijani districts held by Azerbaijani forces, where voting did not take place. Of the remaining 75 seats, 25 were apportioned to Stepanakert and others to the districts: 7 – Askeran, 7 – Hadrut, 16 – Mardakert, 9 – Martuni, 4 – Shushi and 7 – Shaumyan.<\/p>\n

The Executive Committee led by Leonard Petrosyan, Oleg Yesayan, Serzh Sargsyan and Robert Kocharyan, which was in de-facto control of NKR’s administration at the end of 1991 discovered that as a result of the vote, supporters of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaks) won a majority in the newly formed parliament. In several rounds of voting, the local ARF leader Artur Mkrtchyan beat Kocharyan for the post of the president of the parliament. Reflecting disagreements between the two camps, Kocharyan refused to be elected Mkrtchyan’s deputy. Still, while Dashnaks were in charge of parliamentary leadership and effectively Artsakh’s ruling party, they shared power with the Executive Committee and Sargsyan remained the head of Self-Defense Forces.<\/p>\n

What made the situation peculiar is that Dashnaks were in opposition to Armenia’s President Levon Ter-Petrosyan, who in turn refused to congratulate Mkrtchyan on his election and, when he arrived in Yerevan soon after, even refused to meet with him. The principal disagreement was on policy: since his election as Armenia’s leader in 1990, Ter-Petrosyan agreed to rescind the Armenia-Artsakh union declaration of 1989 and negotiate for an internationally guaranteed Karabakh autonomy within Azerbaijan; ARF opposed this.<\/p>\n

Just three months after his election, Mkrthyan died in a firearms accident and was succeeded by fellow ARF member Georgi Petrosyan. Following military setbacks and the loss of Shaumyan and most of Mardakert districts, Petrosyan agreed to delegate war-time powers to the newly-established State Defense Committee, appointing Kocharyan its head and NKR’s de-facto leader in August 1992.<\/p>\n

Below is a list of members of NKR Parliament (1991-95):<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Number of<\/strong>\u00a0Electoral District<\/strong><\/td>\nFull name of the elected Deputy<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 1<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nMurad A. Petrosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 2<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nArkady A. Ghoukasyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 3<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nRadik T. Hayriyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 4<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nFelix M. Gabrielyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 5<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nGarik B. Petrosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 6<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nRoles G. Aghajanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 7<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nVladik A. Hakobyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 8<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nBoris S. Arushanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 9<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nHrant Kh. Khachatryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 10<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nSlava R.Aghajanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 11<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nRobert S. Kocharyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 12<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nValery L. Balayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 13<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nBoris G. Babayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rudik L. Hyusnunts<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 14<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nIshkhan G. Avetisyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 15<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nValery S. Ghazaryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 16<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nLevon H. Melik-Shahnazaryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 17<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nKaren Z. Baburyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 18<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nArkady M. Manucharov<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 19<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nGeorgy M. Petrosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 20<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nSerge A. Sargsyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 21<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nZhirayr T. Poghosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 22<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nSerge Z. Arushanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 23<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nVyacheslav R. Aghabalyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 24<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nAshot G. Sargsyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 25<\/strong>, Stepanakert<\/td>\nSamvel A. Babayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 26<\/strong>, Shosh<\/td>\nValery A. Alexanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 27<\/strong>, Chanakhchi<\/td>\nHrant R. Safaryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 28<\/strong>, Balluja<\/td>\nKamo I. Barseghyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 29<\/strong>, Dashbulagh<\/td>\nMaxim M. Mirzoyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 30<\/strong>, Noragyugh<\/td>\nArshavir A. Glastyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 31<\/strong>, Khanabad<\/td>\nGurgen A. Mangasaryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Suren G. Tsaturyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vitaly M. Balasanyan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 32<\/strong>, Askeran<\/td>\nAlyosha G. Gabrielyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 33<\/strong>, Khojalu<\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 34<\/strong>, Hadrut<\/td>\nEmil S. Abrahamyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 35<\/strong>, Mets Taghlar<\/td>\nVachagan G. Hayriyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 36<\/strong>, Togh<\/td>\nVigen S. Grigoryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Susanna L. Balayan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 37<\/strong>, Edillu<\/td>\nArthur A. Mkrtchyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manvel S. Grigoryan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 38<\/strong>, Taghaser<\/td>\nIgor M. Muradyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 39<\/strong>, Banadzor<\/td>\nGrisha A. Hayrapetyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 40<\/strong>, Hadrut<\/td>\nArthur A. Aghabekyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 41<\/strong>, Martakert<\/td>\nSlava M. Movsesyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 42<\/strong>, Martakert<\/td>\nNerses M. Ohanjanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 43<\/strong>, Martakert<\/td>\nVagif L. Galstyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 44<\/strong>, Karmiravan<\/td>\nZhora Sh. Poghosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 45<\/strong>, Leninavan<\/td>\nRoma A. Karapetyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 46<\/strong>, Leninavan<\/td>\nEdik H. Vanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 47<\/strong>, Aygestan<\/td>\nGurgen V. Antonyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 48<\/strong>, Talish<\/td>\nArarat D. Sargsyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 49<\/strong>, Maghavuz<\/td>\nGrisha M. Badalyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 50<\/strong>, Horatagh<\/td>\nJems Sh. Ghahramanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N51<\/strong>, Janyatagh<\/td>\nVahan M. Gabrielyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N\u00a0<\/strong>52<\/strong><\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 53<\/strong>, Arajadzor<\/td>\nVasily A. Atajanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 54<\/strong>, Vank<\/td>\nBoris Kh. Hakobyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Norayr E. Danielyan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gurgen S. Nersisyan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 55<\/strong>, Drmbon<\/td>\nRaphael A. Sayiyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 56<\/strong>, Getavan<\/td>\nRoma J. Aghabekyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 57<\/strong>, Haterq<\/td>\nBarmen S. Grigoryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Slavik S. Abrahamyan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 58<\/strong>, Martuni<\/td>\nZori H. Balayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 59<\/strong>, Martuni<\/td>\nGrigory A. Gasparyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N\u00a0<\/strong>60<\/strong><\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 61<\/strong>, Berdashen<\/td>\nDavit R. Ishkhanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 62<\/strong>, Kaghartsi<\/td>\nGrigory Y. Nassibyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 63<\/strong>, Gishi<\/td>\nRazmik G. Balayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 64<\/strong>, Chartar<\/td>\nLeonard G. Petrosyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 65<\/strong>, Chartar<\/td>\nMikael A. Hovhannisyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 66<\/strong>, Sos<\/td>\nHamlet V. Grigoryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 67<\/strong>, Karmir Shuka<\/td>\nOleg Y. Yesayan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 68<\/strong>, Shushi<\/td>\nVachagan A. Ishkhanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 69,<\/strong>\u00a0Shushi<\/td>\nBako S. Sahakyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 70<\/strong>, Berdadzor<\/td>\nVladimir S. Kasyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N\u00a0<\/strong>71<\/strong><\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N\u00a0<\/strong>72<\/strong><\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N\u00a0<\/strong>73<\/strong><\/td>\nNo elections held (Azerbaijani populated electoral district)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 74<\/strong>, Qarin Tak<\/td>\nVagharshak B. Arushanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grisha H. Hwvhannisyan<\/strong><\/td>\nElected after the death of the Deputy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 75<\/strong>, Shahumyan<\/td>\nHakob I. Khdryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 76<\/strong>, Shahumyan<\/td>\nRoma B. Arustamyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 77<\/strong>, Verin Shen<\/td>\nArkady H. Jlavyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 78<\/strong>, Verin Shen<\/td>\nSergey R. Chalyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 79<\/strong>, Karachinar<\/td>\nSamson Sh. Voskanyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 80<\/strong>, Karachinar<\/td>\nShahen V. Hovsepyan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
District \u00a0N 81<\/strong>, Gyulistan<\/td>\nShahen Z. Meghryan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The table is from NKR’s Central Election Committee web site<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":139,"featured_media":1666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-institute-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nElecting Artsakh's Parliament in 1991: Conditions and Composition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/armenian\/2020\/02\/10\/electing-artsakhs-parliament-in-1991-conditions-and-composition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Electing Artsakh's Parliament in 1991: Conditions and Composition - 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