Reassessing Shōen: An International Conference
廣田浩治、 歴史館いずみさの Kôji Hirota Izumi-sano City History Museum 「日根荘遺跡－遺跡保存・博物館展示・景観復原－」
"Hine no shô Remains: The Preservation，Exhibition，and Restoration of the Site"
(A copy of the Powerpoint for this presentation in .pptx format can be viewed here.)
和泉国日根荘は鎌倉時代の荘園絵図と戦国時代の荘園支配日記があるため、荘園の時代の遺跡を多数知ることができる。日根荘遺跡は国史跡（文化財）として保存されている。日根荘遺跡をテーマとする博物館（歴史館いずみさの）が建設され、日根荘の歴史資料が展示されている。日根荘遺跡も中世荘園（とくに荘園村落住民の生活の歴史）を現場で学ぶための野外博物館（サイトミュージアム）である。
この報告で紹介する日根荘遺跡の保存活用と博物館展示は、日根荘の歴史の教育・普及を目的とすると同時に、日根荘の景観と住民の生活史を復原する研究にも貢献するものである。遺跡保存と博物館展示の立場から見ると、荘園は中世の住民の生活の場である。荘園遺跡ぬきに荘園の景観と住民生活の復原研究はできない。
荘園遺跡には集落・耕地・政所・城館・寺社・用水路・墓地・市場・道・境界・山野河海がある。これは中世荘園の社会生活の施設である。荘園遺跡の復原は荘園の生活施設と景観全体の復原である。このような現地での荘園遺跡の復原研究は中世荘園制研究に貢献するものと考える。
Kamakura-period estate maps and records of estate officials from the Sengoku period have helped us to understand many aspects of the archaeological traces of Hine no shô, an estate in Izumi province. Hine estate’s remains have been preserved by the national government of Japan as historical artifacts (important cultural treasures). Established to preserve and disseminate knowledge about the estate, Izumi San’o Historical Museum displays related information and materials. Located at the site of the estate, the museum features both the estate itself and medieval estates in general, with a special focus on the daily lives of the villagers who lived there.
This talk introduces exhibits at the museum, as well as efforts to preserve the remains of Hine estate. Our aim is not only to educate people and spread information about the estate, but also to contribute to research that recreates the estate’s landscape and the history of its residents’ lives. Through preserving artifacts and displaying them at the museum, we focus on estates as the space where people lived out their daily lives. Without examining archaeological remains, we cannot study and recreate the estate’s landscape or the way its residents lived.
The archaeological landscape of the estate includes traces of hamlets, paddy and dry fields, headquarters, fortifications, temples and shrines, canals, graveyards, roads, and borders, as well as natural features such as mountains, moors, rivers, and the sea. Such features provided the setting for the social life of the medieval estate. The restoration of artifacts from the estate facilitates both the restoration of the physical context of life on the estate, and the recreation of the entire landscape. Thus I think that an approach based on remains located at the actual site makes a significant contribution to research on the medieval estate system.